亚开行-2025年亚洲不良贷款观察（英）-2025.8_76页_2mb

报告摘要

Nonperforming Loan (NPL) Watch in Asia 2025 is a joint initiative by Asian Development Bank (ADB) and International Public Asset Management Companies Forum (IPAF) to monitor NPL trends and resolution efforts across Asia.
The report highlights Asia's resilience in managing NPLs, with most jurisdictions maintaining relatively stable or improving NPL ratios but noting uneven progress.
Key goals include strengthening financial stability, fostering market development, and enhancing regional cooperation.

NPL Ratios: Asia’s overall NPL ratio stood at approximately 1.6% in 2024, showing a marginal decrease from 1.7% in 2023. However, variations exist, with high rates observed in countries like Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Viet Nam.
Region-Specific Trends:
- East Asia: Lowest ratios due to stringent regulations and robust economic performance (e.g., PRC and Japan).
- South Asia: Higher ratios; Bangladesh showed the largest increase.
Transaction Dynamics: Asset management companies (AMCs) remain central to NPL resolution, but most markets are in early stages of development.
Challenges: Key obstacles include information asymmetry, legal constraints, inadequate market infrastructure, and regulatory limitations.
Credit Risks: Concerns exist across segments, but predicted deterioration is moderate. Real estate and consumer finance are flagged as primary risks.

Evolve AMCs: Transition from asset repositories to full market enablers by enhancing transparency and governance.
Improve Transparency: Standardize data and legal frameworks to reduce transaction costs and narrow pricing gaps.
Expand Investor Base: Enhance cross-border integration and develop trusted platforms to attract a broader investor pool.
Scale Digital Platforms: Prioritize interactivity, benchmarking, and user-centric design to facilitate seamless transactions.
Tailor Resolution Tools: Implement early-warning systems and sector-specific tools to manage emerging sectoral risks like real estate and SMEs.

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