2017美国对华出口报告（英文版）_61页_8mb

US-China Exports Summary (June 2017)

Core Content

The US-China Business Council report highlights the significant growth in U.S. exports to China over the past decade, emphasizing the importance of China as a key market for U.S. states. It provides a detailed breakdown of goods and services exports, as well as the impact on American jobs.

Main Points

• China as a Key Market:
  China is among the top five goods and services export markets for most U.S. states. In 2016, it was the third-largest goods export market and the third-largest services export market.

• Export Growth:

  • Goods exports: US goods exports to China grew by 348% since 2006, significantly outpacing growth to the rest of the world.
  • Services exports: US services exports to China grew by 323% since 2006, compared to 71% growth to the rest of the world.
  • State-level growth:
    • 30 states experienced at least triple-digit goods export growth to China.
    • 4 states (Alabama, Montana, North Dakota, and South Carolina) saw over 500% growth in goods exports.
    • All 50 states saw triple-digit growth in services exports.
    • 16 states (including Montana, Indiana, and North Dakota) had over 400% growth in services exports.

• Export Value:

  • In 2016, 29 states exported over $1 billion in goods to China.
  • In 2015, 14 states exported over $1 billion in services to China.
  • California was the top goods exporter to China with $13 billion in 2016 and the top services exporter with $7 billion in 2015.

• Job Support:

  • Exports to China supported 121,100 American jobs in California in 2015.
  • Alabama supported 17,400 jobs, Alaska supported 6,600 jobs, and Arizona supported 15,500 jobs.

• Top Export Categories:

  • Goods:
    1. Oilseeds & Grains
    2. Aerospace Products & Parts
    3. Motor Vehicles
    4. Semiconductors & Components
    5. Navigational & Meas. Instruments
  • Services:
    1. Travel
    2. Education
    3. Royalties from Industrial Processes
    4. Equipment Install., Maint., & Repair
    5. Architect., Engin., & Tech. Services

Key Information

• China's Market Share:
  The U.S. holds a small share of China's overall import market, accounting for about 8.4% of China's total goods imports in 2015. This is lower than the EU, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan. The U.S. share has declined since 2000, when it was 10%.

• China's Import Sources:
  In 2016, the top five sources of imports for China were:

  1. EU – $208 billion
  2. South Korea – $159 billion
  3. Japan – $146 billion
  4. Taiwan – $139 billion
  5. China's own imports from the U.S. – $113 billion

• Barriers and Opportunities:
  China maintains various tariff and non-tariff barriers, limiting U.S. exports. The U.S. should continue using the WTO to address unfair trade practices and pursue results-oriented engagement with China. A high-standard bilateral investment treaty could help reduce ownership and licensing barriers for American companies.

• Methodology:
  The report uses data from The Trade Partnership, US Census Bureau, USDA, and BEA. It provides sector-level breakdowns of exports and includes job estimates based on domestic employment requirement tables. Indirect jobs may be located outside the exporting state.

Additional Notes

• NAICS Codes:

  • NAICS 3399 (Miscellaneous Manufacturing) includes diverse products like jewelry, sporting goods, toys, and office supplies.
  • NAICS 9100 (Waste & Scrap) includes materials like ferrous metals, copper, aluminum, paper, wood, and sawdust.

• Services Categories:

  • Credit-Related Services include credit card issuing, sales financing, and trade financing.
  • Royalties from Industrial Processes involve intangible assets like patents and trade secrets.

• Sponsors:
  The report is sponsored by companies such as Applied Materials, Caterpillar, Chevron, Corning, Dupont, JPMorgan, Smithfield, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Underwriters Laboratories Inc..

Conclusion

China remains a vital market for U.S. exports, with significant growth in both goods and services over the past decade. While the U.S. has a relatively small share of China's import market, the potential for further expansion is evident. The report emphasizes the need for policy support, WTO engagement, and negotiation of a high-standard investment treaty to enhance U.S. exports to China.