2018美国对华出口报告（英文版）_65页-7mb

US-China Business Council 2018 State Export Report Summary

Core Content

The 2018 US-China Business Council (USCBC) State Export Report highlights the importance of China as a major market for US goods and services exports over the past decade. It provides a comprehensive overview of the growth in exports from each US state to China, emphasizing the economic impact on American jobs and the potential for further expansion.

Main Points

• China's Role in US Exports:

  • In 2017, the United States exported over $127 billion in goods to China, making it the third-largest goods export market after Canada and Mexico.
  • US services exports to China reached $52.8 billion in 2016, ranking it as the third-largest services export market after the United Kingdom and Canada.
  • China is the fifth-largest source of imports for the US, behind the EU, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan.

• Growth Trends:

  • Goods exports to China grew by 86% over the decade (2008–2017), significantly outpacing growth to the rest of the world (21%).
  • Services exports to China grew by 307% over the decade (2007–2016), compared to only 50% growth to the rest of the world.
  • In 2017, US goods exports to China grew by 12.7%, while services exports grew by 12.1% in 2016.

• State-Level Insights:

  • 49 states increased their goods exports to China over the past decade, with 17 states experiencing triple-digit growth.
  • All 50 states saw triple-digit growth in services exports to China from 2007 to 2016, with 31 states growing by more than 300%.
  • 30 states exported more than $1 billion in goods to China in 2017, while 15 states exported more than $1 billion in services to China in 2016.
  • Smaller states such as Alabama, Kentucky, South Carolina, and Wyoming experienced over 300% growth in goods exports. Similarly, smaller states like Indiana, Missouri, Nebraska, and South Dakota saw at least 400% growth in services exports.

• Top Exporting States:

  • Texas and California were the top goods exporters to China in 2017, each with $15.6 billion in exports.
  • Washington was the third-largest goods exporter, with $13.9 billion in exports.
  • California and New York were the top services exporters to China in 2016, with $9.1 billion and $5.3 billion, respectively.
  • California supported 121,600 jobs in 2016 due to exports to China.

• Export Composition:

  • Goods exports to China included aerospace products, motor vehicles, oilseeds, and semiconductors.
  • Services exports to China included travel, education, transportation, and financial services.
  • Hong Kong often serves as a throughpoint for US exports destined for China, with combined exports to Hong Kong and China totaling $165.3 billion in 2017.

Key Information

• Economic Impact:

  • Exports to China supported 1 million American jobs across the country.
  • Alabama supported 17,400 jobs, Alaska supported 6,100 jobs, and Arizona supported 13,400 jobs in 2016.

• Challenges and Opportunities:

  • China maintains tariff and non-tariff barriers, limiting US market access.
  • To expand exports, the US should pursue WTO advocacy, cooperate with like-minded countries, and engage in dialogue with China to address trade barriers.

• Methodology:

  • The report uses data from The Trade Partnership, US Census Bureau, USDA, and BEA.
  • It credits agricultural exports to the states where crops are grown, not where they are aggregated.
  • Services export data are only available through 2016, due to methodological differences between US and Chinese trade statistics.

Conclusion

China is a critical market for US exports, supporting a significant number of American jobs and showing substantial growth in both goods and services. While the US has a strong presence in the China market, there is room for further expansion. The report emphasizes the importance of policy advocacy and market access improvements to enhance US competitiveness in this key market.