2018美国对华出口报告（英文版）_63页_7mb

Summary of US-China Business Council State Export Report (April 2018)

Core Content

The US-China Business Council's State Export Report highlights the significant growth in US exports to China over the past decade, emphasizing the importance of China as a market for both goods and services across all US states. The report provides detailed data on export growth, market rankings, and the impact of exports on employment.

Main Points

Goods Exports

• Overall Growth: US goods exports to China grew by 86% from 2008 to 2017, reaching over $127 billion in 2017.
• Top Markets: China was the third-largest goods export market for the US in 2017, following Canada and Mexico.
• State-Level Growth:
  • 49 states saw increased goods exports to China.
  • 17 states experienced triple-digit growth in goods exports since 2008.
  • Smaller states also benefited, with Alabama, Kentucky, South Carolina, and Wyoming seeing over 300% growth.
• Top Exporters to China (2017):
  • Texas and California: $15.6 billion each.
  • Washington: $13.9 billion.
  • South Carolina: $6.3 billion.
  • Illinois and Michigan: $5.7 billion and $4.0 billion, respectively.
• Top Goods Exported to China (2017):
  • Motor Vehicles, Scrap Products, Industrial Machinery, Navigational & Measuring Instruments, and Semiconductors & Components.
• Employment Impact: Exports to China supported 17,400 jobs in Alabama, 6,100 jobs in Alaska, 13,400 jobs in Arizona, and 8,600 jobs in Arkansas in 2016.

Services Exports

• Overall Growth: US services exports to China grew by 307% from 2007 to 2016, reaching over $52 billion in 2016.
• Top Markets: China was the third-largest services export market for the US in 2016, following the United Kingdom and Canada.
• State-Level Growth:
  • All 50 states experienced triple-digit services export growth since 2007.
  • 31 states saw export growth of more than 300%.
  • Smaller states also had notable growth, with Indiana, Missouri, Nebraska, and South Dakota seeing increases of at least 400%.
• Top Exporters to China (2016):
  • California: $9.1 billion.
  • New York: $5.3 billion.
  • Texas: $4.3 billion.
  • Florida: $3.4 billion.
  • Illinois, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Washington, and New Jersey: $2.3 billion, $1.7 billion, $1.5 billion, $1.3 billion, and $1.4 billion, respectively.
• Top Services Exported to China (2016):
  • Travel and Education.
  • Industrial Processes, Royalties from Industrial Processes, and Equipment Installation, Maintenance, and Repair.
• Employment Impact: Exports to China supported 121,600 jobs in California, 10,900 jobs in Colorado, 7,700 jobs in Connecticut, and other states also saw significant employment benefits.

Key Information

• China's Market Position:
  • China is the third-largest goods export market for the US, with $127 billion in goods exports in 2017.
  • It is also the third-largest services export market, with $52.8 billion in services exports in 2016.
• Growth Comparison:
  • US goods exports to China grew faster than exports to any other top market.
  • US services exports to China grew at a higher annual rate than any other market.
• Barriers to Growth:
  • China maintains tariff and non-tariff barriers that limit US exports.
  • The US should use tools like WTO cases, international coordination, and dialogue with China to improve market access.
• Methodology:
  • Data is sourced from The Trade Partnership, US Census Bureau, USDA, and BEA.
  • Services export data is only available through 2016.
  • Agricultural exports are credited to the states where crops are grown, not just ports.

Additional Notes

• Hong Kong: Often a throughpoint for US exports to China, with combined exports to Hong Kong and China reaching $165.3 billion in 2017.
• Export Categories:
  • NAICS 3399 (Miscellaneous Manufacturing) includes a wide range of products.
  • NAICS 9100 (Waste & Scrap) includes recycled materials used by China for rebar steel and packaging.
  • Services include credit-related services, royalties from industrial processes, and travel and education.
• China's Import Sources:
  • The EU, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan are larger import sources than the US.
  • The US accounted for 8.4% of China's total imports in 2017, compared to 13% from the EU, 9.6% from South Korea, and 9% from Japan.

Conclusion

The report underscores the importance of China as a growing market for US exports and highlights the dramatic growth in both goods and services exports across all states. It also points out the need for policy improvements to enhance market access and the positive economic impact of these exports on American jobs.