2017美国对华出口报告（英文版）_63页-8mb

US-China Business Council State Export Report Summary - June 2017

Core Content

The US-China Business Council (USCBC) State Export Report for June 2017 highlights the importance of China as a key export market for the United States, emphasizing both goods and services trade. Despite China's slowing economic growth, US exports to China have continued to grow faster than to other major markets.

Main Points

US Exports to China: Vital to Economic Growth

• In 2016, US goods exports to China totaled $113 billion, making it the third-largest goods export market behind Canada and Mexico.
• Services exports to China reached $47 billion in 2015, making it the third-largest services export market.
• Services exports to China have grown by over 400% from 2006 to 2015, outpacing global growth of 76%.
• US goods exports to China have grown by 114% since 2006, significantly higher than growth to other top markets.
• US services exports to China have grown by an average of 19% annually over the last decade, with Brazil being the only other major market to approach this rate.
• In 2015, US services exports to China grew by 6.8%, outpacing growth to the United Kingdom (3.4%), Canada (-9.2%), and Japan (-5.2%).

China: A Key Market for States

• 30 states experienced at least 100% growth in goods exports to China since 2006, with 4 states seeing growth over 500%.
• 29 states exported more than $1 billion in goods to China in 2016, compared to only 17 states in 2006.
• All 50 states saw triple-digit growth in services exports to China since 2006, with 16 states experiencing growth over 400%.
• In 2015, 14 states exported more than $1 billion in services to China, with only California doing so in 2006.
• China is among the top five goods and services export markets for most US states, including Alabama, Arizona, Minnesota, Michigan, New York, Ohio, South Carolina, and Tennessee.

US Exports to China Support Jobs

• US exports to China supported 17,400 jobs in Alabama, 6,600 jobs in Alaska, 15,500 jobs in Arizona, and 6,100 jobs in Arkansas in 2015.
• California supported the most jobs, with 121,100 jobs in 2015.
• Exports from smaller states also saw significant growth, with some experiencing over 200% growth in goods and services exports.

Key Information

• China's market share for US goods is 8.4%, lower than the EU, South Korea, Japan, and Taiwan.
• The US share of China's import market declined from 10% in 2000 to 8.4% in 2015.
• Hong Kong often acts as a throughpoint for US exports destined for China, with combined exports to Hong Kong and China reaching $145 billion in 2016.
• Growth in exports to China has outpaced growth to the rest of the world for both goods and services.
• Services exports to China have shown faster growth than goods, with California leading in both categories.
• Services exports to China include travel, education, royalties, transportation, and financial services.

Top Export Sectors

Goods

• Top 5 goods exports to China in 2016:
  1. Oilseeds & Grains ($15 billion)
  2. Aerospace Products & Parts ($14 billion)
  3. Motor Vehicles ($8 billion)
  4. Semiconductors & Components ($6 billion)
  5. Navigational & Meas. Instruments ($5 billion)

Services

• Top 5 services exports to China in 2015:
  1. Travel ($26.8 billion)
  2. Royalties & License Fees ($6.0 billion)
  3. Transportation Services ($4.9 billion)
  4. Business, Professional & Technical Services ($3.7 billion)
  5. Financial Services ($3.0 billion)

Methodology

• The report uses data from The Trade Partnership, US Census Bureau, US Department of Agriculture (USDA), and Moody's Analytics for goods exports.
• Services export data is based on BEA and Moody's Analytics.
• The report includes more detailed sector classifications for both goods and services, improving the understanding of export types.
• Job estimates are derived from US Bureau of Labor Statistics data and are categorized as direct and indirect jobs.

Recommendations

• The US should continue to use the WTO to address unfair Chinese trade practices.
• The Trump administration should pursue results-oriented engagement with China to reduce trade barriers.
• Negotiations for a high-standard bilateral investment treaty should be pushed forward to facilitate US exports to China.

Additional Notes

• NAICS 3399 (Miscellaneous Manufacturing) includes a wide range of products, such as jewelry, sporting goods, toys, and office supplies.
• NAICS 9100 (Waste & Scrap) includes ferrous metals, copper, aluminum, paper, wood, and sawdust, used by China for rebar steel and packaging materials.
• Credit-Related Services include credit card issuing, sales financing, and trade financing.
• Royalties from Industrial Processes involve intangible assets like patents and trade secrets.

Top Exporting States

Goods Exporters

• Top 5 US states (2016):
  1. California ($13 billion)
  2. Washington ($11 billion)
  3. Texas ($10 billion)
  4. South Carolina ($6 billion)
  5. Oregon ($5 billion)

Services Exporters

• Top 5 US states (2015):
  1. California ($7 billion)
  2. New York ($4 billion)
  3. Texas ($3 billion)
  4. Florida ($3 billion)
  5. Massachusetts ($2 billion)

Conclusion

China remains a vital export market for the US, supporting thousands of jobs across various industries. While global trade is slowing, the US continues to outperform other major markets in export growth to China. Strengthening trade relations and removing barriers is essential to further enhance US exports to China and support economic growth.