美中贸易全国委员会：2022美国对华出口报告_18页_2mb

US Export Report 2022 Summary

Core Content

This report provides an overview of US exports of goods and services to China in 2020 and 2021, highlighting the impact of the pandemic and trade dynamics on the export landscape and the associated employment.

Main Points

US Exports to China: Goods and Services

• In 2021, US goods exports to China reached an all-time high of $149.2 billion, a 21% increase from 2020.
• In 2020, services exports to China contracted by 35% to $37 billion, the lowest since 2013, primarily due to the pandemic's effect on travel and education.
• Combined goods and services exports in 2020 supported approximately 858,486 jobs, a 5% decline from 2019.

Top Goods Export Categories

• Oilseeds and grains were the largest category, totaling $21.9 billion in 2021.
• Semiconductors and componentry amounted to $14.1 billion, with Oregon as the leading state.
• Oil and gas exports increased to $7.9 billion in Texas and $3 billion in Louisiana.
• Pharmaceuticals and medicines saw significant growth, entering the top five categories, driven by increased demand for high-value drugs and vaccines.

Top Goods Export Markets

• China was the third-largest goods export market in 2021, behind Canada and Mexico.
• China's share of US goods exports was $149.2 billion, with Texas as the top state and Oregon 1st district as the top congressional district.

Top Services Export Categories

• Education was the largest category, totaling $11.6 billion in 2020, down from $14.2 billion in 2019.
• Royalties from industrial processes, trademark, and software distribution were the top royalty categories.
• Travel and tourism, business travel, and medical-related travel all saw steep declines due to the pandemic.

Top Services Export Markets

• China was the sixth-largest services export market in 2020, with $37.3 billion in exports.
• United Kingdom, Ireland, and Canada were the top three services export markets.
• New York, California, and Illinois were among the top services exporters to China.

Impact on Jobs

• Over 500 congressional districts had more than 1,000 jobs supported by exports to China.
• Oregon 1st district supported the most jobs (33,782) in 2020.
• Agriculture and semiconductor sectors were key job supporters.
• Aerospace and tourism-dependent districts saw significant job losses due to the pandemic.

Key Information

Goods Exports Highlights

• Texas was the top goods exporter to China, with $20.6 billion in 2021.
• Oilseeds and grains accounted for $21.9 billion, with Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, and Nebraska seeing substantial growth.
• Semiconductors exports totaled $14.1 billion, with Oregon contributing over $7.9 billion.
• Oil and gas exports from Texas and Louisiana increased significantly, supported by the US-China Phase One trade deal.

Services Exports Highlights

• Education became the largest services export category in 2020, but saw a 19.3% decline.
• Travel and tourism exports dropped by 90%, impacting states like Nevada and Hawaii.
• Royalties made up 22.2% of services exports, with industrial processes and trademark as top contributors.

Job Trends

• Agriculture districts, especially in the Midwest, saw job growth due to increased exports of oilseeds, grains, and meat.
• Semiconductor exports supported over 53,000 jobs in Oregon 1st district.
• Aerospace and tourism districts faced job losses, with South Carolina 6th and Washington 2nd districts seeing a 50% and 50% drop in supported jobs, respectively.

Conclusion

Despite the pandemic's severe impact on services exports, US goods exports to China continued to grow, driven by key sectors like agriculture, semiconductors, and oil and gas. The report underscores the importance of China as a critical market for US exporters, highlighting both the opportunities and challenges posed by the evolving trade relationship and global health crisis.