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INRIX 2016 Traffic Scorecard Summary

Core Content

The INRIX 2016 Traffic Scorecard is a comprehensive global study of traffic congestion, analyzing 1,064 cities across 38 countries. It provides detailed insights into the impact of congestion on urban mobility, including economic costs and the effectiveness of transportation systems.

Key Findings

• Congestion is a global phenomenon, affecting both developed and developing economies.
• Los Angeles leads the global list of most congested cities with drivers spending 104 peak hours in congestion in 2016.
• Moscow ranks second with 91 peak hours, followed by New York (89 hours), San Francisco (83 hours), and Bogotá (80 hours).
• Thailand tops the country ranking with an average of 61 peak hours of congestion, surpassing Colombia (47 hours) and Indonesia (47 hours).
• The US is ranked fourth in the country list, with an average of 42 peak hours, behind Russia (42 hours).
• The UK ranks 11th in the country list, with an average of 32 peak hours.
• Germany does not have any cities in the top 25 global list, with Munich ranking 29th in the top 205 cities and 36th in the full list of 1,064 cities.
• The INRIX Congestion Index (ICI) is a new metric that provides a more realistic average congestion rate based on trip volume and city size.
• Congestion rates vary throughout the day and week, with peak hours primarily affecting commuters and daytime congestion impacting businesses.

Methodology

• INRIX uses real-time GPS data from over 300 million connected vehicles and devices, covering more than 5 million miles of roads in 40+ countries.
• The INRIX Vehicle Tracking Algorithm classifies each second of a vehicle trip as congested or free flow, based on speed relative to free-flow speed (typically below 65%).
• Congestion metrics are calculated for seven key periods:
  • Peak hours on highways in and out of the city
  • Peak hours within the city
  • Daytime travel on highways in and out of the city
  • Daytime travel within the city
  • Late night on highways in and out of the city
  • Late night within the city
  • Weekend travel on all roads
• Economic costs of congestion are calculated for the US, UK, and Germany, including:
  • Direct costs: Wasted time, fuel, and emissions
  • Indirect costs: Higher prices for goods and services due to business delays
• The Planning Time Index (from the Texas Transportation Institute) is used to estimate the additional time drivers must plan for due to congestion, with a multiplier of 2.41 applied globally.
• Value of time and vehicle occupancy are used to calculate direct costs, with different multipliers for different trip types (e.g., commuting, business, leisure).

Data and Insights

• The study highlights the economic burden of congestion, with costs calculated in local currencies and adjusted for inflation.
• Urbanization and population growth are identified as the primary causes of congestion, with over 70% of the global population expected to live in cities by 2050.
• Vehicle-miles traveled (VMT) is projected to increase, with private cars continuing to dominate in developing regions.
• The City Dashboard is a free resource at inrix.com/scorecard, offering detailed metrics and insights into congestion for each city.

Key Metrics

• Average Congestion Rate: The percentage of driving time spent in congestion, calculated using trip volume and city size.
• INRIX Congestion Index (ICI): A weighted average of congestion rates that reflects typical driving patterns and city size.
• Peak Hours Spent in Congestion: The total number of hours drivers spend in congestion during peak times, based on average travel times and congestion rates.

Conclusion

The INRIX 2016 Traffic Scorecard underscores the growing global challenge of traffic congestion and its multifaceted impact on individuals, businesses, and cities. It emphasizes the need for intelligent transportation systems and data-driven decision-making to improve urban mobility and reduce the economic and environmental costs associated with congestion.