2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Rwanda_2021_country_profile_10页_376kb

报告摘要

Rwanda Tobacco Control Measures Summary (WHO 2021)

WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: Signed in 2004, ratified in 2005. Low-income country. FCTC status table indicates a national tobacco control program, objectives, and a technical unit exist. No data on staff/FTE or government expenditures.
Tobacco Use Prevalence: High prevalence, particularly among males. No recent national surveys (since 2014-15 for adults, 2008 for youth). WHO age-standardized estimates show about 14.5% adult tobacco use in 2019.
Treatment of Tobacco Dependence: Limited services reported (healthcare facilities, schools, government facilities). Coverage details unclear.
Health Warnings on Packages: Yes, covering 30% of principal display area. Requirements generally met, but characteristics like prohibiting misleading terms and descriptors are not required for all package sides (front only scored). Does not require plain packaging or prohibit quantitative health information.
Mass Media Campaigns: A national campaign ran between 2018-2020 on TV/radio. Planning/evaluation occurred. Campaign was part of a broader strategy according to the profile.
Advertising Bans: Generally non-existent for direct and indirect tobacco promotion/advertising (exceptions noted: free distribution of anti-tobacco ads).
Tobacco Taxation: Sin tax compliance score 80. High tax percentage (64.25%) of cigarette retail price. Cigarettes become less affordable over time, though trend changed recently. Earmarking not reported. Price dispersion score is relatively low.
Use of Earmarked Taxes for Health: Not reported.
MPOWER Compliance:
- Monitoring: Recent data available.
- Smoke-free Environments: Compliance score 5.
- Cessation Programmes: Compliance score 5.
- Health Warnings: Compliance score 80.
- Mass Media: Campaign occurred, compliance score 14/19 appropriate characteristics reported.
- Advertising Bans: Compliance score 5.
- Taxation: Sin tax compliance score 80 (high)- category. Affordability data indicated (Cigarettes less affordable since 2010).