2004-12-31-世界卫生组织-2005_STEPS_Fact_Sheet_Mongolia_2页_1mb

报告摘要

Mongolia STEPS Survey 2005 Summary

Core Content

The Mongolia STEPS (Surveillance of Trends and Emerging Patterns) survey was conducted from May to October 2005 to assess chronic disease risk factors among adults aged 15-64 years. The survey included three main steps: socio-demographic and behavioral data collection, physical measurements, and biochemical measurements. A total of 341 participants were involved, and the data collected was intended to provide a representative sample of the population in that age range.

Main Points

Survey Design: A random multistage cluster sample was used to ensure that the data reflected the broader population of adults aged 15-64 years.
Tobacco Use:
- 24.2% of both sexes smoked tobacco daily.
- Males had a higher daily smoking rate (43.1%) compared to females (4.1%).
- The average age of starting smoking was 19.8 years, with males starting at 19.1 and females at 27.8.
- On average, males smoked for 17.8 years, while females smoked for 13.8 years.
- 89.9% of all smokers used manufactured cigarettes, with males at 89.4% and females at 95.5%.
- Males smoked an average of 12.6 manufactured cigarettes per day, while females smoked 7.5.
Alcohol Consumption:
- 33.5% of both sexes were abstainers (did not drink alcohol in the last year).
- 60.8% were occasional drinkers (drank less than 3 days a month).
- 5.0% were moderate drinkers (drank 1-4 days per week).
- 0.7% were frequent drinkers (drank 5 or more days per week).
- 5.1% of men had 5 or more drinks on any day more than once per month.
Fruit and Vegetable Consumption:
- The mean number of fruit servings per day was 1.5 for both sexes, with males at 1.3 and females at 1.8.
- The mean number of vegetable servings per day was 1.7 for both sexes, with males at 1.7 and females at 1.6.
- 22.3% of both sexes consumed 5 or more combined servings of fruits and vegetables per day.
Physical Activity:
- 23.1% of both sexes had low levels of activity (less than 600 MET-minutes per week).
- The median time spent in work-related physical activity was 38.6 minutes per day for both sexes, with males at 51.4 and females at 28.6.
- The median time spent in transport-related physical activity was 60 minutes per day for both sexes.
- The median time spent in recreational physical activity was 25.7 minutes per day for both sexes, with females at 30.0.
Physical Measurements:
- The mean BMI was 23.8 for both sexes, with males at 23.3 and females at 24.5.
- 31.6% of both sexes were overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2), with males at 25.5% and females at 38.0%.
- 9.8% of both sexes were obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), with males at 7.2% and females at 12.5%.
- The average waist circumference was 79.9 cm for both sexes, with males at 80.6 cm and females at 79.2 cm.
- The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) was 124.7 mmHg for both sexes, with males at 128.2 mmHg and females at 121 mmHg.
- The mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 76.8 mmHg for both sexes, with males at 76.9 mmHg and females at 76.7 mmHg.
- 22.2% of both sexes had raised BP (SBP ≥ 140 and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg), with males at 26.4% and females at 17.6%.
- 6.6% of both sexes had very raised BP (SBP ≥ 160 and/or DBP ≥ 100 mmHg), with males at 7.6% and females at 5.6%.
Biochemical Measurements:
- The mean fasting blood glucose level was 4.8 mmol/L for both sexes, with males at 5.1 mmol/L and females at 4.7 mmol/L.
- 5.7% of both sexes had raised blood glucose (≥ 6.1 mmol/L), with males at 7.8% and females at 3.6%.
- 2.6% of both sexes had raised blood glucose (≥ 6.7 mmol/L), with males at 3.7% and females at 1.5%.
- The mean total blood cholesterol level was 4.6 mmol/L for both sexes.
- 7.0% of both sexes had raised total cholesterol (≥ 5.2 mmol/L), with males at 6.8% and females at 7.2%.
- 0.8% of both sexes had very raised total cholesterol (≥ 6.5 mmol/L), with males at 1.1% and females at 0.5%.
- The mean total blood triglycerides level was 1.6 mmol/L for both sexes.
- 11.3% of both sexes had raised total triglycerides (≥ 2.26 mmol/L), with males at 13.4% and females at 9.2%.

Key Risk Factors

Current daily smokers: 24.2% of both sexes.
Consuming less than 5 servings of fruits and vegetables per day: A significant portion of the population.
Low level of physical activity: 23.1% of both sexes.
Overweight or obese (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2): 31.6% of both sexes.
Raised blood pressure (SBP ≥ 140 and/or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg): 22.2% of both sexes.
Raised blood pressure (SBP ≥ 160 and/or DBP ≥ 100 mmHg): 6.6% of both sexes.

Summary of Risk Status

No risk factors: 9.4% of both sexes.
1-2 risk factors: 69.9% of both sexes.
High risk (at least three risk factors):
- 14.5% of adults aged 15-44 years.
- 45.4% of adults aged 45-64 years.