2004-12-31-世界卫生组织-2005_STEPS_Fact_Sheet_Côte_d_Ivoire_2页_65kb

Côte d'Ivoire STEPS 2005 Survey Summary

Overview:
The STEPS (Step Test for Surveillance and Prevention) survey was conducted from September to October 2005 in Côte d'Ivoire, targeting adults aged 15–64 years using cluster sampling. It included 4,756 participants to assess risk factors for chronic diseases. The survey consisted of three steps: behavioral data collection, physical measurements, and biochemical analysis.

Behavioral Data (Step 1)

• Smoking:

  • Current smoking rate: 14.4% overall; men 23.7%, women 7.3%.
  • Daily smoking rate: 10.2% overall; men 18.6%, women 3.7%.
  • Average age starting daily smoking: 19.6 years for men, 20.1 years overall; women started slightly younger.
  • Mostly smoked industrial cigarettes (87–88%), with an average of 5.7–6.3 cigarettes/day for men.

• Alcohol Consumption:

  • 66% abstained over the past year; higher abstention in men (66%) vs. women (76%).
  • 34% consumed alcohol; men 46.5%, women 24.4%. High consumption reported by 31.6% of high-risk women consuming 4+ glasses/week.

• Fruit and Vegetable Intake:

  • Average consumption: 2+ days/week for fruits, 3.7 days/week for vegetables; about 0.9–1.8 portions daily.
  • 83% consumed less than 5 daily portions of fruits and vegetables.

• Physical Activity:

  • Below average activity (less than 600 MET-minutes/week): 41.9% for men, 45.1% for women.
  • Average activity time: Men 50–120 minutes/day, women 42.9–102.9 minutes/day.
  • Only 7–9% reported high activity levels, and 93–97% did not engage in intense activities.

Physical Measurements (Step 2)

• BMI: Average BMI was 23.8 kg/m², with 30.5% overweight or obese (BMI ≥25), higher in women (36.0%), including 8.5–11.2% obese.
• Waist Circumference: Men 81.7 cm average, women higher, indicating central adiposity.
• Blood Pressure:
  • Average systolic/diastolic (mmHg): Men 128/77, women 132.4/75.9.
  • 25–33% had elevated BP (≥140/90 or treated), with higher prevalence in men, especially severe hypertension (>14%).

Biochemical Measurements (Step 3)

Prevalence of high blood glucose and elevated cholesterol (≥5.0 or ≥6.2 mmol/L) was noted, with ongoing treatment among affected adults. Specifics were based on blood tests excluding those under treatment.

Summary of Risk Factors

• Identified risk factors included current daily smoking, suboptimal diet, low physical activity, and elevated blood pressure.
• Only 4.9–5.3% of adults aged 25–64 had none of the key risk factors, while 25–44% had three or more factors, increasing with age.