Arcadis-2017年可持续城市流动性指数报告（英文）-28页-3mb

Sustainable Cities Mobility Index 2017 Summary

Core Content

The Sustainable Cities Mobility Index 2017 is a global assessment of urban mobility systems across 100 cities, using 23 indicators grouped into three sub-indices: People, Planet, and Profit. The report emphasizes the importance of sustainable urban mobility in addressing challenges like rapid urbanization, aging infrastructure, and climate change, while also improving quality of life, economic productivity, and environmental health.

Main Findings

• Hong Kong tops the overall index, leading in the People sub-index and ranking sixth in the Profit sub-index. It benefits from a well-connected and modern metro system with high public transport usage.
• European cities dominate the top of the index, with seven of the top ten cities being European. Cities like Zurich, Paris, and Prague excel in the Planet and Profit sub-indices due to green technology, efficient transport systems, and strong public transport usage.
• Asian cities such as Seoul and Singapore also perform well in the overall index, with Tokyo, Seoul, and Beijing leading in the People sub-index. However, they face challenges due to high pollution levels.
• North American cities are spread throughout the index, with New York City ranking 23rd overall. Indianapolis ranks 88th, suffering from high private vehicle usage and underdeveloped public transport.
• Australian cities are generally in the middle of the index, with a lack of comprehensive underground metro systems and lower use of public transport compared to other regions.
• South American and African cities lag behind, often due to poor infrastructure investment and high congestion levels.
• The report highlights that wealth, size, or age of a city do not guarantee sustainable mobility, as seen in the comparison of Hong Kong (1st) with Los Angeles (72nd), London (7th) with Jakarta (89th), and Paris (3rd) with Cairo (94th).

Key Trends and Insights

• Mobility favors the bold: Cities that embrace innovation and plan for future growth tend to achieve better sustainability and quality of life outcomes.
• Connectedness, electrification, sharing, and autonomous driving are the four key technology trends shaping the future of automotive transport. These technologies will play a crucial role in reducing congestion and pollution while enhancing safety and convenience.
• Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to make up 40% of new car sales by 2040, driven by advancements in battery technology, government regulations, and reduced costs. EVs will not only reduce emissions but also contribute to energy storage for households and communities.
• Public transport affordability is a strong point for many Asian cities, with Taipei and Wuhan offering monthly tickets that cost just 1.5% and 1.4% of typical monthly earnings, respectively.
• Zurich leads the Profit sub-index, with a highly affordable and efficient transport system that supports economic growth and attracts users.

Sub-Index Breakdown

3.1 The Importance of Sustainable Urban Mobility

• Efficient urban mobility is essential for economic growth, connecting people, industries, and ideas.
• The three pillars of sustainable mobility – People, Planet, and Profit – form the basis of the index, focusing on social, environmental, and economic performance.

3.2 Our Research Findings

• Wealthy, large, or mature cities do not automatically lead in sustainable mobility, as seen in the comparison of Hong Kong and Los Angeles.
• Bold moves in innovation and planning are key to achieving sustainable urban mobility and improving quality of life.

3.3 Overall Index Rankings

• Europe dominates the top of the index, with seven of the top ten cities being European.
• Hong Kong leads overall, followed by Seoul and Singapore in the top ten.
• North American and Australian cities show mixed performance, often hindered by low public transport usage and reliance on private vehicles.
• South American and African cities are generally lower in the rankings, facing challenges in infrastructure and environmental sustainability.

3.4 People Sub-Index

• Focuses on social and human implications, including safety, transport coverage, reliability, and accessibility.
• San Francisco scores well in transport density, while Hong Kong excels in digital integration and modern metro access.
• Modal split (proportion of trips made by public transport) is a key metric, with Tokyo, Seoul, and London leading in this area.
• Wheelchair access is a strength for some American cities, such as Pittsburgh, San Diego, New York, and New Orleans.

3.5 Planet Sub-Index

• Measures environmental impact, including greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, and green space.
• Frankfurt, Munich, and Berlin lead in the Planet sub-index due to strong green initiatives and low emissions.
• European cities dominate the top ten in the Planet sub-index, with many adopting cycling cultures, low-emission zones, and green technology.
• Asian cities face challenges with pollution, particularly in Mumbai, New Delhi, and Beijing.
• Port cities like Shanghai and Rotterdam struggle with environmental performance due to high pollution from maritime activities, though they offer economic opportunities.

3.6 Profit Sub-Index

• Evaluates economic efficiency and reliability of mobility systems, including average commuting time and public transport utilization.
• Zurich leads the Profit sub-index, with an affordable and efficient transport system.
• European cities such as Paris, Prague, and Stockholm score well due to effective public transport and investment in alternative mobility methods.
• North American cities generally score in the middle, with Vancouver standing out for its commitment to sustainable transport.

Conclusion

The Sustainable Cities Mobility Index underscores the need for cities to adopt bold, innovative, and sustainable approaches to mobility. It highlights that investment in public transport, green technology, and smart infrastructure is crucial for improving the quality of life and economic performance of urban areas. While some cities have already made significant progress, many still have opportunities to enhance their systems and reduce their environmental footprint. The report serves as a guide for city leaders to benchmark their performance and make informed decisions for the future.