2016美国门户开放报告_国际教育交流报告（英文版）_55页_9mb

报告摘要

Open Doors® 2016 Report Summary

Core Content

The Open Doors® 2016 report, produced by the Institute of International Education in partnership with the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs U.S. Department of State, provides an overview of international educational exchange trends in the U.S. and globally. It highlights the increasing number of international students and U.S. students studying abroad, emphasizing the role of academic mobility in fostering global understanding and economic growth.

International Student Enrollment

International student enrollment at U.S. universities surpassed 1 million in the 2015/16 academic year, reaching 1,043,839.
The number of international students increased by 7.1% compared to the previous year.
Engineering became the most popular field of study, with 20.8% of international students, surpassing Business & Management at 19.2%.
STEM fields collectively accounted for 46.1% of international student enrollment, with Math/Computer Science at 13.6% and Other STEM at 11.7%.
India had the highest growth rate among international student sources, with significant increases in enrollment.

Host States and Economic Impact

The United States hosted the most international students, followed by United Kingdom, China, France, Australia, Russia, Canada, Germany, Japan, and Spain.
International students contributed $35.8 billion to the U.S. economy in 2015.
75.0% of international students were funded by non-U.S. sources, with 66.5% coming from personal and family funds.

Factors Affecting Academic Mobility

Driving Growth

More active recruitment efforts by institutions were cited as the most significant factor (62.3%).
Growing reputation and visibility of U.S. institutions abroad (56.3%).
Economic growth in other countries, particularly the middle class, and difficulty in getting into top schools in home countries were also noted.

Driving Potential Declines

Cost of tuition/fees and financial aid issues were the top concerns (50.8%).
Changes in foreign government-sponsored scholarships (41.5%) and visa application delays/denials (33.8%) were also key factors.
Home country political/economic problems and lack of institutional support were additional concerns.

U.S. Students Studying Abroad

313,415 U.S. students received academic credit for study abroad in the 2014/15 academic year.
There was a 2.9% growth in U.S. study abroad programs.
STEM fields saw the largest growth in U.S. students studying abroad, with an increase of 9.1%.
Europe was the region with the highest growth in U.S. study abroad programs.

Diversity in U.S. Study Abroad

The diversity of American students abroad is increasing, but more work is needed to promote inclusion.
Hispanic or Latino(a) students showed the highest growth in participation in study abroad programs.
Targeted outreach and funding are essential to increasing minority participation in study abroad.

Government and Scholarship Programs

Government initiatives play a crucial role in promoting academic mobility.
Scholarship programs such as the BRAZIL SCIENTIFIC MOBILITY PROGRAM, PROYECTA, REGION ABIERTA AL CONOCIMIENTO, and the King Abdullah Foreign Scholarship Program in Kuwait are key drivers.
The Fulbright Program significantly influences both international students and U.S. students studying abroad, with Engineering and Business & Management being the most popular fields for Fulbright participants.
The Fulbright Effect also highlights the diversity of U.S. students, with notable participation from Hispanic or Latino(a) and Multiracial & Other students.

Key Takeaways

International student enrollment in the U.S. has reached over 1 million, with STEM and Engineering being the most popular fields.
India showed the highest growth in international student numbers.
U.S. students studying abroad have grown by 2.9%, with STEM seeing the most significant increase.
Diversity among U.S. students studying abroad is increasing, but targeted efforts are needed to further enhance participation.
Scholarship programs and government initiatives are vital in supporting and promoting academic mobility globally.