2022-10-30-世界卫生组织-Antimicrobial_resistance_TrACSS_Colombia_2022_country_profile_10页_278kb

报告摘要

Colombia TrACSS 2022 Country Report Summary

Core Content Overview

The Tracking AMR Country Self-Assessment Survey (TrACSS) is an annual tool used to monitor the implementation of National Action Plans on Antimicrobial Resistance (NAPs) globally. Colombia participated in the 2022 TrACSS, contributing to the global assessment of AMR progress across multiple sectors. The survey evaluates capacity and progress on a five-point scale (A to E), with A-B indicating limited capacity and C-E showing nationwide implementation. TrACSS 2022 saw a high response rate of 86%, with 166 out of 194 countries participating.

Key Indicators and Country Responses

Multisectoral Coordination

Colombia has formalized multisectoral coordination mechanisms for AMR.
It has developed a national NAP on AMR.
The country is implementing its NAP on AMR.
Colombia has a monitoring and evaluation plan for the NAP.
It has government-supported nationwide AMR awareness campaigns.
An Integrated Surveillance System for AMR is being established or implemented.

Global Comparison

Colombia's responses are compared with global averages.
The country's position is visualized through distance plots, highlighting progress and gaps in key areas.

Key Messages by Sector

Human Health

Training and education on AMR should be systematically integrated into healthcare worker training.
Monitoring antimicrobial consumption is critical for effective AMR management, yet progress has been slow.
Infection prevention and control (IPC) programs are necessary to prevent infections and reduce AMR spread.
Optimizing antimicrobial use through national guidelines and adoption of the AWaRe classification into the National Essential Medicines List is essential.
Laboratories and diagnostics must be strengthened with quality assurance and uninterrupted supply of consumables to support AMR surveillance.

Animal Health

Training and education on AMR in the veterinary and aquatic sectors should be formally included in curricula.
National surveillance systems for AMR in both terrestrial and aquatic animals are needed, with standardized and harmonized procedures.
Effective integration of laboratories into AMR surveillance is crucial, and a National Reference Laboratory should coordinate this effort.
Biosecurity and good animal husbandry practices are important to reduce antimicrobial use and AMR transmission in both terrestrial and aquatic animal production.

Food and Agriculture

Training and education on AMR in agriculture, food production, and environmental sectors are required for better AMR action.
AMR and antimicrobial use (AMU) surveillance systems in agri-food systems should be developed for reliable and comparable data.
Good manufacturing and hygiene practices in food processing can reduce AMR development and transmission.
Optimizing antimicrobial pesticide use in plant production is important to minimize AMR risks.

Environment

National risk assessments for antimicrobial residues and resistant pathogens in the environment are needed.
Legislation and regulation should prevent environmental contamination with antimicrobials and their metabolites.
Regular monitoring systems for antimicrobial compounds and resistant bacteria in water quality are essential.
Water quality improvements should include surveillance of antimicrobial residues and resistant genes (ARGs).

Global Trends and Challenges

Progress has been uneven across sectors, with some areas showing improvement while others remain stagnant.
Key challenges include limited financial and human resources, lack of technical capacity, and inconsistent political commitment.
Ad-hoc interventions are common, indicating a need for a more programmatic approach to AMR NAP implementation.
Integration of AMR planning into existing national strategies and budgets, such as One Health, WASH, and food safety, is crucial for sustainability.

Recommendations for Colombia

Strengthen multisectoral coordination and ensure dedicated leadership for AMR initiatives.
Improve AMR awareness campaigns and youth education to increase public understanding of AMR risks.
Enhance data quality and use, particularly for antimicrobial consumption and resistance surveillance.
Develop robust monitoring systems for antimicrobial use and ensure enforcement of legislation related to AMR.
Expand laboratory integration and external quality assurance to support accurate AMR data collection.