2021-08-26-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Venezuela_2021_country_profile_10页_339kb

报告摘要

WHO Global Tobacco Epidemic Report 2021: Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Country Profile Summary

MPOWER Overview

Monitoring: Representative surveys available, last conducted between 2011 and 2019. Age-standardized smoking prevalence rates were estimated for 2019.
Legislation: Ratified WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) on June 27, 2006.
Health Warnings: Mandated on tobacco packages; covers 100% of the principal display area (front and rear combined: 30%), must use photos/graphic, specifies harmful effects and includes rotating warnings.
Taxation: High tax on most sold cigarette brand (73.37% of retail price). Cigarette affordability decreased compared to 2018.
Smoke-Free Environments: Comprehensive indoor smoking bans, including offices, workplaces, restaurants, cafés, bars, public transport, and all other public places. Enforcement funding exists.
Mass Media Campaigns: No national tobacco control media campaign between July 2018 and June 2020.
Cessation Programmes: Some services available (9) at educational, government, and health-care facilities, but no funded quit-line, though some therapeutic options are cost-covered.

Compliance Scores and Ratings

Direct Advertising Ban: High compliance (scored 9/10).
Indirect Promotion Restrictions: Moderate compliance (scored 6/10).
Tax Policy: Rated ≥75% tax share in cigarette price (5-tier scale).
Affordability: Costs have increased, making cigarettes less affordable between 2010 and 2020.

Financial and Legal Measures

Tobacco Tax Allocation: 26% of total excise tax revenues go to health and social security.
Earmarked Taxes: Excise taxes and VAT contribute to health resources; minimum specific tax is used.

Noteworthy Absences

No national anti-tobacco media campaign in the specified period.
No cessation treatment or quit line verified as funded by national or federal insurance.
Most E-cigarette and other tobacco product pricing/tax data not available.

Overall Assessment

Venezuela demonstrates strong compliance with many MPOWER measures, especially in taxation, smoke-free environment legislation, and health warnings on packaging. However, gaps exist in cessation treatment accessibility, funding, and media campaigns. Trends show increasing tobacco product costs but minimal or unchanged media efforts.

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