2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Netherlands_2021_country_profile_10页_339kb

报告摘要

WHO Report Summary: Netherlands Tobacco Epidemic, 2021

Introduction

The Netherlands demonstrates a comprehensive approach to tobacco control under the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. Key MPOWER measures are evaluated, including taxation, advertising bans, smoking prevalence, and cessation programs.

Monitoring and Smoke-Free Environments

Tobacco use prevalence data: Decreasing trends in smoking; male adults: 25.4% current daily smoking (2019), adolescents: 7.7% current daily (2019). Monitoring compliance is moderate.
Smoke-free environments: Compliance score of 8 for bans, reflecting a complete absence of smoking in most public places. Subnational jurisdictions lack authority to expand bans.

Cessation Programmes and Health Warnings

Cessation treatment: NRT and services available but not fully cost-covered (partial compliance score). Quit line exists.
Health warnings: Mandatory on cigarette packages (65% principal display area), including photos, and bans on misleading terms. Compliance high across categories, with plain packaging provision adopted but not implemented as of 2020.

Mass Media and Advertising Bans

Anti-tobacco campaigns: No national mass media campaign conducted between July 2018 and June 2020.
Advertising bans: Strict direct bans on TV, radio, print, and outdoor ads (compliance score 10). Indirect promotion bans have moderate compliance (score 6), covering sponsorship and point-of-sale displays partially.

Taxation

Cigarette taxes: High, comprising 77.17% of retail price; affordability decreased from 2010 to 2020. Price dispersion low (81.25% cheapest to premium brand ratio). Compliance score for taxation is high.
Other products: Taxes cover heated tobacco and e-cigarettes, with compliance scores ≤10. Earmarked taxes not reported for health.

Key strengths include robust taxation and advertising restrictions, while opportunities lie in enhancing cessation services and addressing affordability trends.

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