20251128-欧洲疾病预防控制中心-2023年流行病学年报_人畜共患病流感_5页_684kb

2023 ECDC Zoonotic Influenza Surveillance Summary

Key Findings

• In 2023, globally, four countries reported sporadic human cases or detections of avian influenza virus subtypes A(H3N8), A(H5N1), A(H5N6), A(H9N2), and A(H10N5), with most cases (29) from China.
• For swine-origin influenza, eight countries reported 11 human cases of subtypes A(H1N1)v, A(H1N2)v, and A(H3Nx)v.
• The European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) had no confirmed human cases of avian influenza, but sporadic cases of swine-origin flu occurred in the Netherlands and Spain.
• Most human infections were linked to direct contact with infected animals or contaminated environments, and no sustained human-to-human transmission was observed.
• Cases showed a decrease in 2023 compared to previous years, particularly for subtypes like A(H5N6) and A(H9N2).
• Avian influenza A(H5N1) was most prevalent in Europe and Asia, while swine-origin cases were rare and typically caused mild respiratory illness.

Detailed Subtype Analysis

• Avian Influenza:
  • A(H5N1): 12 cases globally, including undetected environmental exposures in the UK and family clusters in Cambodia.
  • A(H3N8): 1 death in China, following cases with underlying health issues.
  • Other subtypes (H5N6, H9N2, H10N5) saw several cases, mostly from China, with varying outcomes.
• Swine-Origin Influenza: Cases were mostly mild and occurred across non-EU/EEA countries and Europe.

Public Health Context

• Widespread animal influenza circulation poses ongoing risks; surveillance is crucial for monitoring mutations and preventing zoonotic spread.
• Emphasis on integrated "One Health" approaches for timely outbreak response and risk reduction.