2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Syrian_Arab_Republic_2021_country_profile_10页_338kb

Summary of WHO Global Tobacco Epidemic Report, 2021: Syrian Arab Republic Country Profile

The Syrian Arab Republic signed the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2003 and ratified it in 2004, with a population of 17.5 million classified as low-income. Key MPOWER compliance scores for tobacco control measures in 2020 range from moderate to low across various domains, with many areas lacking full implementation.

• Monitoring: Compliance data indicates no recent and representative national surveys for both adults and youth since 2020, limiting effective monitoring of tobacco use.

• Smoke-free Environments: The country lacks comprehensive nationwide bans, with no subnational laws reported, and only specific places like offices and public transport have partial restrictions, but few fully smoke-free areas are documented.

• Cessation Programmes: In 2020, treatment for tobacco dependence is unavailable in most settings, with no funding from health insurance or national funds.

• Health Warnings: Mandatory health warnings on cigarette packages cover specific areas, with 15% mandated by law, including required text, but no fines for violations.

• Mass Media Campaigns: No anti-tobacco campaigns were conducted nationally between 2018 and 2020, and evaluation or comprehensive support was not implemented.

• Advertising Bans: The country enforces bans on direct advertising, promotion, and sponsorship but has low media compliance scores. Point-of-sale display is not explicitly banned but may be implied by broader restrictions.

• Taxation: High tobacco tax at 41.8% of retail price for the most sold brand in 2020, but affordability decreased significantly, with higher GDP required to purchase 100 packs since 2010.

Tobacco use prevalence remains high, with national surveys lacking from 2002 and no comprehensive treatment availability reported. Funds for enforcement and broader health measures earmarked from tobacco taxes are absent.