2023-02-15-世界卫生组织-Multi-country_outbreak_of_mpox,_External_situation_report_16_-_16_February_2023_19页_808kb

Multi-Country Mpox Outbreak Summary

Date: February 16, 2023 (Report based on data up to February 13, 2023)

Overview

• The multi-country mpox outbreak continues, with a global public health risk assessed as moderate by WHO.
• Cumulative cases: 85,860 laboratory-confirmed cases and 93 deaths reported from 110 countries/territories across all WHO regions since January 1, 2022.
• Case increase since last report: 411 new cases and four new deaths.

Risk Assessment

• Global risk: Moderate.
• Regional risks:
  • African, Eastern Mediterranean, European, and Americas: Moderate.
  • Southeast Asia and Western Pacific: Low (a revision from previous assessments).
• Declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by WHO emergency committee.

Epidemiological Data

• Demographics: Cases mostly men (96.5%), median age 34 years; sexual orientation data shows high prevalence in men who have sex with men (84.2%).
• Transmission: Primary mode is skin and mucosal contact during sex (68.7% of reported events); common in party settings.
• Tropical regions highlight animal involvement, with risks for zoonotic spread and spillover.
• Americas region shows the largest proportional increase in cases (76% rise in the reported week).

Recommendations

• Strengthen surveillance and integrate mpox control with HIV and sexual health programs.
• Enhance laboratory capacity, access to diagnostics/vaccines/therapeutics, and research through a One Health approach.
• Focus on reducing stigma, improving detection, and addressing underreporting.
• WHO advises countries to develop national action plans for mpox control.

Human-Animal Interface Focus

• Zoonotic transmission ongoing, with animal reservoirs suspected (e.g., rodents, primates).
• Risks include spillover during wildlife contact and potential human-to-animal spillback.
• Preventive measures: Avoid animal contact, practice hygiene, report sick animals; limit pet exposure for infected persons.

Regional Updates

• Eastern Mediterranean Region: 82 cases, one death; mainly adults, with Sudan leading cases and reporting Clade I mpox. Collaborative WHO response includes surveillance support and community engagement.

Conclusion

The outbreak remains a global concern, with a focus on surveillance, research, and coordinated international efforts to interrupt transmission and manage risks.