2025-06-26-世界卫生组织-Multi-country_outbreak_of_mpox,_External_situation_report_54_-_27_June_2025_10页_808kb

Mpox Summary Report

Core Content

This report provides an overview of the global and regional mpox (monkeypox) situation as of 27 June 2025, focusing on epidemiological trends, new cases, vaccine distribution, and WHO's response strategies.

Key Figures

Highlights

• In May 2025, 6,823 confirmed mpox cases and 16 deaths (0.2% CFR) were reported from 49 countries.
• Clade Ib MPXV is primarily circulating in Central and East Africa, with limited community transmission.
• Sierra Leone has seen a consistent decline in cases, although recent data may be delayed.
• Eleven African countries have received mpox vaccines, with seven starting vaccination programs.
• Over 731,000 doses of the MVA-BN vaccine have been administered globally.
• The WHO Director-General has determined that mpox continues to constitute a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC).

Epidemiological Update

• Global cases are predominantly reported in the WHO African Region, with Sierra Leone being the main driver of the increase in May 2025.
• Community transmission remains limited, with most cases being imported or sporadic.
• Figure 1 shows the geographic distribution of MPXV clades, highlighting new detections in Ethiopia, Italy, North Macedonia, Republic of Congo, and Togo.

Situation in Africa

• 21 African countries reported 24,012 confirmed cases and 91 deaths (0.4% CFR) from 1 January to 22 June 2025.
• 18 countries are experiencing ongoing active transmission.
• A declining epidemic trend has been observed in recent weeks, primarily due to the decline in Sierra Leone.
• Reporting delays may affect the interpretation of recent data.

Focus on Selected Countries

Sierra Leone

• Reported 4,294 confirmed cases and 28 deaths (0.6% CFR).
• Cases are spread across all districts, with the highest concentration in and around Freetown.
• The outbreak has affected males and females equally, with the majority of cases in individuals aged 20 to 39 years.

Countries Reporting Mpox for the First Time

• Albania: One imported case detected in May 2025, with genomic sequencing underway.
• Ethiopia: First case reported on 25 May 2025, an infant with contact to a traveler from Kenya.
• North Macedonia: First cases reported on 22 May 2025, with no travel history.
• Togo: First case reported on 16 May 2025, also clade IIb MPXV.

Countries Reporting Importation of Clade Ib MPXV

• China: Four new cases reported since the last report, one with travel history to Republic of Congo and Mali, others in clusters.
• Italy: First case reported on 4 June 2025, an adult male with travel to Tanzania.
• United Kingdom: Two cases reported on 19 June 2025, one with travel to UAE, the other a contact.
• United States: One case reported on 17 June 2025, with travel to East Africa.

Extension of the PHEIC

• The Fourth Emergency Committee met on 5 June 2025 and reaffirmed the mpox outbreak as a PHEIC.
• The risk for clade Ib MPXV is high, while for clade la MPXV it is moderate.
• The WHO Strategic Framework focuses on strengthening five core components (5Cs): Emergency coordination, Collaborative surveillance, Community protection, Safe and scalable care, and Access to and delivery of countermeasures.

Key Response Components

1. Emergency Coordination

• WHO and Africa CDC continue to coordinate through the Continental Incident Management Support Team.
• The Director-General confirmed the PHEIC status of mpox.

2. Collaborative Surveillance

• Weekly updates on mpox in Africa and monthly updates globally are available via the WHO dashboard.
• Lab diagnostics are being coordinated with support from WHO, ICAO, UNWTO, IOM, IMO, and others.
• Six antigen RDTs are being evaluated in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

3. Community Protection

• WHO consulted with civil society organizations on community-centred work.
• An expert technical working group was convened to provide normative guidance for community protection.
• Operational research is ongoing in Tshopo, DRC, to inform response actions.
• Guidance on border health and points of entry has been shared with key partners.

4. Safe and Scalable Care

• Updated guidelines on clinical management and infection prevention and control were published on 2 June 2025.
• The OSoC meeting in Nairobi identified opportunities for improving mortality and morbidity.
• Data collection tools are being used in DRC, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and Zambia.

5. Access to and Delivery of Countermeasures

• Diagnostics: Six products are listed under Emergency Use Listing, with nine under assessment.
• Vaccines: Over 2.95 million doses have been delivered to eleven countries.
• MVA-BN vaccine has been administered in seven countries, with over 80% in DRC.
• Intradermal fractional dosing is being explored due to limited vaccine supply.
• LC16m8 vaccine has been deployed in Kinshasa, with AEFI monitoring in progress.

Additional Resources

• WHO Mpox Outbreak Toolbox (Updated May 2025): Link
• WHO Mpox Global Strategic Preparedness and Response Plan (Updated 17 April 2025): Link
• Mpox Continental Response Plan 2.0 (Updated 15 April 2025): Link
• Strategic Framework for Enhancing Prevention and Control of Mpox (May 2024): Link

WHO Guidelines and Tools

• Clinical Management and Infection Prevention and Control: Living Guideline
• Surveillance and Case Investigation: Interim Guidance
• Diagnostics: Interim Guidance
• Vaccination Toolkit: Link
• FAQ on Fractional Dosing: Link
• Social and Behavioural Research Guidance: Link

Disclaimer

• All data should be interpreted with caution due to reporting delays and varying definitions across countries.
• WHO provides interim guidance, tools, and training modules to support mpox response globally.