2023-01-18-世界卫生组织-Multi-country_outbreak_of_mpox,_External_situation_report_14-_19_January_2023_18页_762kb

Summary of Multi-Country Mpox Outbreak Report

Global Situation

As of 15 January 2023, a total of 84,733 laboratory-confirmed mpox cases and 80 deaths have been reported from 110 countries across all WHO regions. The global risk assessment is moderate, with the Region of the Americas classified as high risk and other regions as moderate to low.

Key Epidemiological Findings

• Case numbers have declined by 12.7% in the past week, with a significant drop in the Americas (-17%) and Europe (-12%).
• The United States, Brazil, and Spain account for over 85% of cases.
• Demographics show 96.6% of cases are men, median age 34 years; transmission is often through sexual contact, affecting primarily gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men.
• Clade IIb is predominant in the ongoing outbreak, with genetic mutations suggesting a human transmission event around April 2016.

HIV and Mpox Links

Mpox outbreaks have occurred, and links with HIV infection are evident, including higher hospitalization rates among people living with HIV. Stigma and discrimination, particularly against men who identify as gay or bisexual, have been reinforced. WHO recommends integrating HIV testing and prevention services into mpox response efforts.

Response Efforts

• Laboratory testing: WHO procured nearly 90,000 molecular tests for over 60 countries and facilitated reagent sharing. Experts are developing target product profiles (TPPs) for diagnostics, with public consultation ending on 1 February 2023.
• Genomic sequencing: New nomenclature for mpox virus clades was adopted to avoid discrimination. Preliminary analysis indicates multiple mutations in clade IIb sequences.
• WHO provided support to 8 priority countries in Africa through a contingency fund, focusing on surveillance, lab capacity, and RCCE strategies.

Regional Updates

• African Region: 1,214 cases and 16 deaths reported; countries like Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of the Congo are heavily impacted. WHO supports regional response efforts, including readiness assessments and strategic planning.
• Other regions show varying case declines and regional-specific responses.

Ongoing Measures

WHO continues to coordinate via regional offices, issue guidelines on case management, prevention, and communication, and maintain a global clinical data platform. The outbreak remains a global health concern, with a focus on mitigating stigma and building long-term control strategies.