2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Haiti_2021_country_profile_10页_374kb

Haiti Tobacco Control Profile Summary

• WHO Framework Convention Status: Haiti signed on 2003 but has not ratified the treaty. With a population of ~11 million and a low-income classification, no active national tobacco control program exists, and zero full-time staff are assigned.

• Tobacco Use Prevalence:

  • National surveys are outdated or absent; last youth survey was in 2005 (ages 13-15), showing ~20% daily smoking prevalence among males and females. Adult data from 2016-17 indicate high current and daily smoking rates, with women showing lower prevalence but still significant risk. Age-standardized estimates from 2019 show ~9.6% overall tobacco use prevalence.

• MPOWER Measures:

  • Monitoring: No recent, representative surveys for adults or youth, limiting prevalence tracking.
  • Smoke-Free Environments: No complete smoking bans exist; subnational laws are limited, with no authority for comprehensive bans.
  • Protection from Tobacco Promotion: None; no bans on direct advertising (e.g., TV, radio, billboards), promotional activities, or sponsorship.
  • Health Warnings: Absent; no legal requirement for health warnings on tobacco packages.
  • Mass Media Campaigns: No anti-tobacco campaigns between 2018-2020.
  • Taxation: Taxes are imposed, but affordability has decreased since 2010, with a lower GDP per capita required to purchase tobacco products. Earmarked taxes for health are not reported.

• Treatment of Tobacco Dependence: No quit lines, cessation services, or nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) coverage, indicating limited support for quitting.

Overall, Haiti shows very low compliance with MPOWER measures, with sparse data in many areas, highlighting weak tobacco control efforts in a low-income setting.