亚开行-交通领域性别平等工具包_推动亚太地区向性别变革型交通系统迈进（英）-2025.8_62页_12mb

GENDER EQUALITY IN TRANSPORT TOOL KIT

Moving Towards Gender Transformative Transport Systems in Asia and the Pacific

Key Findings:

1. Gender-Responsive Infrastructure Design

   • Transport systems must address women’s distinct travel patterns (e.g., multi-stop trips, reliance on nonmotorized/shared transport, safety concerns).
   • Recommendations: Collect sex-, age-, and disability-disaggregated data (SADDD); design features like safe public toilets, reserved seating, and improved lighting; ensure fare integration and accessibility.

2. Women’s Employment & Entrepreneurship

   • Only 12% of transport jobs are held by women globally. Projects should reform regulations, promote women’s participation in technical roles (e.g., electric bus operators), and enable women-owned businesses through procurement incentives.

3. Gender-Based Violence (GBV) Prevention

   • High rates of sexual harassment in public transport (e.g., 68% of female commuters in Bangladesh reported victimization).
   • Actions: Implement survivor-centered grievance mechanisms, zero-tolerance policies, and train staff on prevention protocols.

4. Climate Change & Equity

   • Decarbonization efforts (e.g., electric vehicles) must ensure women’s access to green jobs. Transport contributes ~25% of global GHG emissions, disproportionately affecting women’s mobility due to slower transit reliance.

5. Monitoring & Risk Management

   • Track gender performance indicators (e.g., female ridership, women’s employment rates) through periodic surveys and SADDD analysis.
   • Mitigate risks like SEAH (Sexual Exploitation, Abuse, Harassment) by mandating training and zero-tolerance frameworks.

Implementation Recommendations

• Upstream Integration: Embed gender equality in project cycle stages via gender action plans, partnerships with women’s organizations, and mainstreaming into policy reforms.
• Innovations: Pilot demand-driven public transport (e.g., request-a-stop services, women-only buses) and disaster-resilient infrastructure.
• Capacity Building: Train staff on gender-sensitive design, data collection, and GBV prevention.

Examples:

• Karachi BRT Project (Pakistan): Achieved 20% female ridership through safe stations and tailored schedules.
• Bhutan Low-Emission Strategy: Prioritizes gender-friendly public transport and female taxi drivers for EV subsidies.

Call to Action: Move beyond token inclusion to transformative equity by linking budget allocations, procurement reforms, and institutional policies for sustainable gender equality in transport.