亚开行-公平共享绿色和娱乐空间促进性别平等和包容性设计指南：第比利斯市（英）-2021.12-71页_6mb

Summary of FAIR SHARED GREEN AND RECREATIONAL SPACES: GUIDELINES FOR GENDER-RESPONSIVE AND INCLUSIVE DESIGN

Core Content

This document outlines guidelines for the gender-responsive and inclusive design of green and recreational spaces in Tbilisi, Georgia. It is a strategic tool aimed at improving the quality and accessibility of urban green spaces to ensure they meet the diverse needs of all citizens, including women, men, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities. The guidelines are developed by the Tbilisi City Hall, supported by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), and are aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 5, 11, and 16.

The document emphasizes the importance of green spaces in urban life, highlighting their role in physical activity, social interaction, and environmental conservation. It also underscores the need for inclusive urban planning that considers the different patterns of use and needs of various user groups.

Main Views and Key Points

1. The Concept of a Fair Shared City

• A fair shared city is designed to be inclusive, safe, and accessible for all citizens.
• It integrates gender-responsive design and inclusive planning to ensure that public spaces meet the needs of all users, including women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities.
• It promotes equitable access to green spaces, encouraging social mixing and community engagement.

2. Purpose of the Guidelines

• The guidelines aim to provide practical insights for local municipal bodies, developers, and landscape architects to ensure high-quality green space development.
• They serve as a foundation for good planning practice, supporting the daily life of Tbilisi residents.
• The guidelines are applicable to both new developments and existing green areas that require improvements.

3. Key Resources and Influences

• The guidelines are informed by:
  • Previous experiences and challenges of Tbilisi City Hall's Department of Environment and Green Spaces.
  • Relevant masterplans and action plans from Tbilisi.
  • Qualitative and quantitative analyses of green space availability and accessibility.
  • Best international practices, including those from Vienna.
  • Community-based social strategy planners and field specialists.

Design Principles and Steps

1. Gender-Responsive Design Approaches

• Rationale: Gender relations, social norms, and values affect how people use green spaces.
• Goal: Ensure that no group is excluded and that gendered inequalities are not reinforced.
• Steps:
  • Phase I: Procurement and Competition – Incorporate gender considerations into the initial stages of project selection.
  • Phase II: Planning Process After the Competition – Use inclusive planning methods to reflect community needs.
  • Phase III: Construction – Ensure that design and construction meet gender and inclusion standards.

2. Inclusive Design Criteria

• Safety and Security: Ensure sufficient lighting and safe public transport to reduce risks for women and girls.
• Accessibility: Promote barrier-free design, including universal design principles.
• Activity Design: Provide inclusive playgrounds and active areas for adolescents and adults.
• Community Participation: Encourage community involvement in the planning and management of green spaces.
• Environmental Considerations: Integrate ecological sustainability, water management, and energy efficiency into the design process.

Standards and Criteria for Detailed Park Design

1. Provision of Green Spaces

• The total area of green spaces in Tbilisi is 278,429,606 m², with 14,961,074 m² designated for hydrology.
• The guidelines recommend a fair distribution of green spaces across all urban districts.

2. Types of Parks in Tbilisi

• Parks are classified into four main categories:
  • Urban recreational areas (pocket parks, community parks, etc.)
  • Thematic parks (historical parks, botanical gardens)
  • Non-urban recreational parks (around lakes and forests)
  • Linear parks and tree alleys (along roads and paths)
• Each type has specific standards and design criteria to ensure quality and inclusiveness.

3. Specific Design Criteria

• Spatial Structure and Layout: Ensure accessible and functional layout for all users.
• Park Furnishings: Include comfortable seating, playground equipment, and shading.
• Materials and Plants: Use eco-friendly materials and diverse plant species to enhance ecological and aesthetic value.
• Dog-Walking Spaces: Provide designated areas to accommodate pet owners.

Cultural and Historical Context

• Tbilisi has historic parks that are an important part of its cultural heritage.
• These spaces should be preserved and enhanced while maintaining their historical and cultural value.
• Design interventions must respect and protect the heritage value of these spaces, including preservation, restoration, and new uses.

Conclusion

The guidelines are a key tool for ensuring gender-responsive and inclusive urban green space development in Tbilisi. They support the vision of a sustainable, livable, and inclusive city and aim to improve the quality of life for all residents. The collaboration with ADB and Vienna City Hall has provided a robust framework for inclusive urban planning and design standards that can be applied across the city.