世界就业与社会战争_2025年趋势报告（英）_83页_6mb

报告摘要

World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends 2025 Summary

Global employment growth has remained steady, keeping the unemployment rate at 5%. However, employment growth has not significantly reduced the jobs gap of approximately 402.4 million, reflecting persistent decent work deficits. Youth unemployment remains critically high, averaging 12.6%, while informality affects about three in five workers.

Key Findings on Labor Markets

Productivity and Real Wages: Productivity growth has slowed across regions, hindering real wage recovery. Labor market concentration contributes to wage stagnation.
Spatial Inequalities: Structural transformation away from agriculture has not uniformly reduced inequalities. Modern service employment is often unevenly distributed, exacerbating regional disparities.
Growth Prospects: Global growth is projected to slow, limiting job creation. Climate change, trade tensions, and sovereign debt risks add to uncertainty.

Regional Trends

Africa: Growth has recovered from pandemic lows but remains insufficient. Key challenges include youth unemployment, climate vulnerability, and debt burdens.
Americas: Monet� policy normalization eases inflation but may constrain stimulus. Labour shortages in Northern America highlight aging populations.
Asia and Pacific: Productivity slowdown is driven by Northern countries. Eastern Asia faces slowdown, while Southern Asia benefits from India's growth.
Europe and Central Asia: Labour shortages persist despite growth. Skills mismatches affect Europe’s productivity gains.

Policy Recommendations

Strengthen social dialogue and coordinate policies to address inequality.
Promote just transitions and invest in skills development for digital/e-green jobs.
Enhance social protection systems to support vulnerable groups amid disruptions.