2014-12-31-世界卫生组织-2015_STEPS_Fact_Sheet_Ethiopia_2页_201kb

Ethiopia STEPS Survey 2015 Summary

Survey Overview

The Ethiopia STEPS Survey 2015 was conducted to assess non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors among adults aged 15-69 years. It employed a three-stage cluster sampling design with 9,801 participants and a 95.5% response rate. The survey covered socio-demographic, behavioral, physical, biochemical, and clinical measurements.

Key Findings

Behavioral Risk Factors

• Tobacco use: 4.2% of adults smoked tobacco, with higher rates among males (7.3%) and a mean starting age of 21 years. Most daily smokers (89.4% of users) used manufactured cigarettes.
• Alcohol consumption: 50.7% were lifetime abstainers; among drinkers, 12.4% engaged in harmful episodic drinking.
• Khat consumption: 15.8% chewed Khat, with daily use common in males (61.4%). This is a social custom with potential health risks.
• Diet: Average fruit and vegetable intakes were low (less than five servings per day for 97.6% of the population); high salt and processed food consumption was also noted.
• Physical activity: Only 5-7.9% met insufficient activity thresholds; vigorous activity engagement was low.

Physical and Biochemical Measurements

• Anthropometric indicators: Mean BMI was around 20, with 6.3% overweight and 1.2% obese. Average waist circumference was 74 cm, and mean blood pressure was 120 mmHg systolic and diastolic, with 16% having hypertension.
• Biochemical results: 5.4% had impaired fasting glycaemia; 5.9% had raised fasting blood glucose; total cholesterol was raised in 5.6%, with CVD risk varying by age and sex.

Risk Factor Prevalence

• Common risks included smoking, low fruit and vegetable intake, insufficient physical activity, and raised blood pressure.
• The proportion with NCD risk factors was high across genders, with most individuals (94-95%) aged 15-69 years exhibiting 1-2 risk factors.

Note: This summary highlights overall trends, with detailed data provided in the original fact sheet.