2023-12-18-联合国-2023年全球贸易和发展统计手册_96页_13mb

报告摘要

UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics 2023 Summary

International Merchandise Trade (1.1)

Global merchandise exports reached $24.9 trillion in 2022, up 11.4% year-on-year after two consecutive years of decline during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Developing economies (Asia and Oceania) showed strong performance with 12.3% growth, while developed economies saw 10.1% growth.
Leading exporters: China, United States, and United Kingdom.
Major importers: United States, China, and Germany.

International Trade in Services (2.1)

Services trade value increased 14.8% in 2022 to $7.1 trillion, a key recovery area post-pandemic.
United States leads with $929 billion services exports, followed by China and the UK.
Digital services saw 16% growth in 2021 and 3% in 2022 despite overall slowdown.

Economic Trends (3.1)

Global GDP growth slowed to 2.2% in 2023 (pre-pandemic: 3.1% in 2022).
Inequality persists; poorest economies account for 40% of global GDP but face service deficits.
Global population reached 8.0 billion, with Asia leading job market challenges.

Maritime Transport (5.1)

World seaborne trade reached 11.0 billion tons in 2021, mostly dry cargo.
Top registering country: China (302 million dwt), followed by Japan and Greece.
Notable growth in container traffic (851.1 million TEUs in 2021), with Asia dominating seaborne trade.

Data Reliability and Disclaimers

Emphasis on regional diversity and data limitations exist.
Growing need for digital reporting and international cooperation for trade data.

The full analysis is based on reliable sources including UNCTADstat, the UN Commodity Price Index, and population reports, providing insights into global trade dynamics and economic disparities.

For detailed regional analysis by developing vs developed economies, please refer to the complete report.

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