2022-12-14-联合国贸易发展委员会-2022年全球经济_贸易和发展趋势统计报告_104页_45mb

UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics 2022 Summary

The UNCTAD Handbook of Statistics 2022 provides comprehensive data and analysis on international trade, economy, investment, maritime transport, and development trends for the year 2021 and 2022 projections.

International Merchandise Trade

• Key Figures: World merchandise exports reached $22.3 trillion in 2021 (+26.5% from 2020). Africa's exports grew by 42.2%, while Asia and Oceania's exports increased by 30.2%.
• Trade Balances: Developed economies recorded a $909 billion deficit, while developing economies saw a $650 billion surplus in 2021.
• Share Distribution: Asia and Oceania contributed 45%, Europe 37%, and America 16% to global exports in 2021.

International Trade in Services

• Growth: Services exports totaled $6.1 trillion in 2021 (+17.2% growth).
• Leading Exporters: The United States was the top exporter ($795 billion), followed by the UK ($418 billion) and China ($392 billion).

Economic Trends

• GDP Growth: Global GDP expanded 5.7% in 2021, with Africa showing the highest growth (5.0%).
• FDI Flows: Global FDI inflows increased by 64.3% to $1.6 trillion in 2021.
• Price Inflation: Consumer prices grew at an average of 4.8% worldwide in 2021, significantly higher than pre-pandemic levels.

Population

• World Population: Reaches 7.9 billion with an annual growth of 0.9%.
• Urbanization: Developing economies had 52% urban population in 2021, with Asia showing the fastest urban growth.

Maritime Transport

• Trade Volumes: Seaborne trade reached 11.0 billion tons in 2021 (+3.2% growth).
• Liner Shipping: Asia dominated container port throughput (62% of global volume in 2020).

Annexes

• Includes detailed classifications of economies, calculation methods, and references for data interpretations.