2018-交通部门恢复_建立弹性的机会（英文版）

Summary of Disaster Recovery Guidance Series: Transport Sector Recovery: Opportunities to Build Resilience

Core Content

This document provides a comprehensive guide for government officials on how to effectively recover and rebuild the transport sector following a disaster. It emphasizes the importance of the transport network in supporting economic and social development and outlines strategies to not only restore but also enhance the resilience of transport systems in the face of future disasters.

Main Principles for Transport Sector Recovery

• Mitigate risks: Relocate or retrofit transport infrastructure in high-risk areas to reduce vulnerability to future hazards.
• Improve access and mobility: Enhance walking, bicycling, and public transport in urban areas to reduce poverty and improve community engagement.
• Apply green and climate-smart solutions: Reduce the environmental impact of the transport sector to combat climate change and pollution.
• Innovate low-cost, high-impact solutions: Use intelligent transport systems to improve the efficiency and safety of transport networks.
• Be future oriented: Align recovery outcomes with development goals, anticipated future needs, and maintenance costs.
• Promote equity and inclusivity: Ensure that all community members, including women, have access to transport services.
• Ensure efficiency: Meet transport demand effectively to support seamless movement of people and goods.
• Promote safety across all transport modes: Implement measures to reduce fatalities, injuries, and crashes.
• Build Back Better (BBB): Use recovery and reconstruction to address structural deficiencies and enhance resilience.

Key Information and Structure

The document is structured into three main sections:

1. Overview: Transport Sector Recovery and Reconstruction

• In the immediate aftermath of a disaster, the priority is to restore critical transport routes to enable emergency relief and response.
• Short-term recovery involves developing a Recovery Plan based on the results of the Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA), prioritizing needs, and mobilizing resources.
• Medium- to long-term recovery requires continuous monitoring and evaluation (M&E) to ensure recovery aligns with development goals and future needs.

2. Governance and Financial Foundations of Transport Sector Recovery

• The Ministry of Transport (or equivalent agency) should lead the recovery process and ensure clear institutional arrangements and legal mandates.
• The PDNA is a critical tool for assessing the magnitude of damages and losses, and it should involve multidisciplinary teams.
• The Recovery Plan must be aligned with national and local recovery strategies and include clear objectives, timelines, and stakeholder engagement.

3. Forward Outlook: Investment in Preparedness

• The recovery process should be used to promote preparedness and resilience in the transport sector.
• Risk-based asset management is encouraged to prioritize preventive maintenance over emergency repairs.
• The use of smart technologies such as drones, satellite imagery, and apps like RoadLab Pro can enhance the accuracy and speed of damage assessments.
• Inclusivity and community participation are essential in ensuring that recovery efforts meet the actual needs of affected populations.

Case Studies and Examples

• Christchurch Earthquake (New Zealand): Used cell phone tower data to understand population movement and identify infrastructure repair priorities.
• Belize: Implemented an information management tool called "SpatialEdge" to address data gaps and improve the assessment of transport asset conditions.
• Greensburg, Kansas (USA): Reconsidered long-term transport planning based on community recovery goals, leading to a relocated freeway that better supported economic development and community access.

Tools and Methodologies

• The PDNA methodology is recommended for assessing transport damages and losses.
• Smart technologies (remote sensing, AI, drones, satellite imagery) are essential for efficient and safe post-disaster assessments.
• A recovery need scale (1-10) can be used to prioritize transport infrastructure based on their impact on livelihoods and service levels.

Recommendations

• Establish a Transport Recovery Plan with clear objectives and timelines.
• Engage stakeholders including the public, private sector, and civil society in the recovery process.
• Use a risk-informed approach in planning and implementing recovery activities.
• Ensure transparency and trust in the recovery process to secure stakeholder support.
• Develop robust M&E frameworks to track progress and adjust strategies as needed.
• Align recovery efforts with national and local development plans to promote sustainable and resilient outcomes.

Conclusion

Transport sector recovery is not only about restoring infrastructure but also about building back better by enhancing resilience, reducing risks, and aligning with long-term development goals. The guidance provided supports a coordinated, inclusive, and efficient approach to recovery, ensuring that transport systems are better prepared for future disasters.