2024-10-01-世界卫生组织-Rehabilitation_in_emergencies_factsheet_1页_260kb

报告摘要

Rehabilitation in Emergencies Summary

Core Content

Rehabilitation in emergencies refers to the provision of essential rehabilitation services during health crises, such as disasters, conflicts, terrorism, infectious disease outbreaks, and transport collisions. These services are critical in preventing complications, supporting recovery, optimizing functioning, and reducing preventable impairments. Despite the increased demand and clear benefits of rehabilitation during health emergencies, it is often not considered early enough in health responses or is neglected altogether.

Main Points

Importance of Rehabilitation in Emergencies
Rehabilitation services are essential in optimizing outcomes for individuals affected by traumatic injury, infectious diseases, and non-communicable diseases, even during emergencies. These services should not be overlooked, as their benefits remain consistent regardless of the context.
Who Needs Rehabilitation in Health Emergencies
Rehabilitation is needed by both individuals with new injuries or illnesses resulting from the emergency and those with pre-existing conditions or disabilities. Pre-existing conditions may worsen due to the loss of assistive products, caregivers, or medications, or due to environmental changes. Rehabilitation can also support access to humanitarian and other support services for people with disabilities. Additionally, individuals with health conditions unrelated to the emergency will continue to require rehabilitation.
Timing of Rehabilitation Integration
Rehabilitation should ideally begin at the earliest possible time following injury or illness. It is necessary from the onset of any health emergency and should be integrated into all phases of emergency response, including preparedness, readiness, response, and recovery.
Integration into Health Emergency Responses
Rehabilitation services must be included in all health emergency risk management plans. Rehabilitation professionals should be part of health emergency training to ensure they understand their roles and responsibilities in delivering interventions effectively during emergencies. Due to the long-term nature of rehabilitation for certain conditions, such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, burns, amputation, and critical illness, the demand for these services often outlasts the immediate emergency period. Therefore, resourcing should support the entire duration of increased demand, even beyond the emergency itself.

Key Information

The World Health Assembly passed a landmark resolution in May 2023 emphasizing the importance of rehabilitation in emergency preparedness and response.
Rehabilitation services are not only crucial during the acute phase of an emergency but also throughout the recovery and long-term management phases.
The inclusion of rehabilitation professionals in training and planning is vital for ensuring effective and timely delivery of services during health emergencies.
Rehabilitation should be considered a core component of health emergency responses, not an afterthought.

Next Steps

To promote the integration of rehabilitation in health emergencies, the following actions are recommended:

Read and share the WHO policy brief on strengthening rehabilitation in health emergency preparedness, readiness, response, and resilience.
Review local health emergency plans and ensure that rehabilitation workers are included in training and preparedness activities.
Participate in personal and organizational preparedness and response training to enhance readiness for emergencies.
Raise awareness about the value and role of rehabilitation in health emergencies to encourage its inclusion in global and local health systems.