2025-06-24-世界银行-从资源丰富到资源智能_拉丁美洲和加勒比地区在能源转型中的机遇（英）_190页_6mb

Report Summary: From Resource Rich to Resource Smart: Opportunities for Latin America and the Caribbean in the Energy Transition

Introduction
The energy transition presents a historic opportunity for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to leverage its abundant natural resources, such as forests, minerals, and renewable energy, to foster sustainable and inclusive growth. Success requires addressing market failures, strengthening institutions, and driving innovation. The region is well-positioned to capitalize on this window of opportunity, but concerted efforts in policy, investment, and innovation are essential to navigate the complexities of decarbonization and sustainably manage its resources.

Key Findings

1. Challenges:

   • Latin America faces inefficiencies in land use, mining, and hydrogen production.
   • Market failures, including asymmetric information, lack of coordination, and underfunded innovation, hinder progress.
   • Commodity dependence and weak institutions constrain long-term growth.

2. Regional Strengths:

   • Land and forests: Abundant forests and fertile land offer significant potential for carbon sequestration and sustainable agriculture.
   • Mining: Rich in critical minerals like lithium and copper, vital for the energy transition.
   • Green hydrogen: Lush renewable energy resources position LAC as a potential leader in hydrogen production.

3. The Three I’s Framework:

   • Institutions: Robust regulatory frameworks, clear property rights, and effective enforcement are crucial for reducing risks and aligning incentives.
   • Investment: Targeted investments in renewable energy, transport, and digital infrastructure can enhance competitiveness and sustainability.
   • Innovation: Strong national innovation systems (NIS) are needed to adopt, adapt, and invent technologies for a greener economy.

Policy Recommendations

• Strengthen environmental regulations and enforcement mechanisms for land, forests, and mining.
• Increase investments in renewable energy infrastructure and digital connectivity to support low-carbon industries.
• Establish green national quality infrastructures to certify sustainable products and access international markets.
• Promote public-private partnerships and regional coordination to avoid duplication and leverage economies of scale.
• Foster innovation through national innovation systems, digital tools, and education to drive sustainable production processes.

Conclusion
The transition to a low-carbon economy offers Latin America and the Caribbean a chance for leapfrogging growth, but it requires urgent and strategic action. By addressing market failures, building resilient institutions, and investing in innovation, the region can harness its natural advantages to achieve sustainable and inclusive development while contributing to global decarbonization efforts.