2007-12-31-世界卫生组织-2008_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Lesotho_1页_49kb

Lesotho Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Summary

Core Content

The Lesotho Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), conducted in 2008, was a school-based survey targeting students in Standard 7, Form A, and Form B. It aimed to gather data on tobacco use prevalence and its determinants, including access/availability and price, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), cessation, media and advertising, and school curriculum. The survey used a two-stage cluster sampling method, ensuring a representative sample of the target population.

A total of 1,604 students aged 13–15 participated in the survey, with an overall response rate of 83.2%. The survey response rates were high at the school and student levels, with 88.0% school response rate, 100% class response rate, and 94.6% student response rate.

Key Findings

Tobacco Use Prevalence

• 22.3% of students had ever smoked cigarettes.
• 24.8% currently use any tobacco product.
  • 26.4% of boys and 21.7% of girls currently use tobacco.
• 10.1% currently smoke cigarettes.
  • 11.8% of boys and 7.5% of girls currently smoke.
• 19.5% currently use other tobacco products.
  • 20.4% of boys and 17.9% of girls use other tobacco products.
• 33.7% of never smokers are likely to initiate smoking next year.

Knowledge and Attitudes

• 51.3% of students think that boys who smoke have more friends.
• 26.2% think that girls who smoke have more friends.
• 26.1% think that boys who smoke look more attractive.
• 18.5% think that girls who smoke look more attractive.

Access and Availability

• 28.8% of current smokers usually smoke at home.
• 37.7% buy cigarettes in a store.
• 49.7% of students who bought cigarettes in a store were not refused due to their age.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS)

• 36.9% live in homes where others smoke in their presence.
• 52.6% are around others who smoke in places outside their home.
• 21.7% think smoking should be banned from public places.
• 37.2% think smoke from others is harmful to them.
• 33.3% have one or more parents who smoke.
• 10.8% have most or all friends who smoke.

Cessation

• 82.0% of current smokers want to stop smoking.
• 66.8% tried to stop smoking in the past year.
• 94.0% have ever received help to stop smoking.

Media and Advertising

• 66.8% saw anti-smoking media messages in the past 30 days.
• 56.9% saw pro-cigarette ads on billboards.
• 60.2% saw pro-cigarette ads in newspapers or magazines.
• 16.3% have an object with a cigarette brand logo.
• 18.0% were offered free cigarettes by a tobacco company representative.

School Curriculum

• 38.1% had been taught about the dangers of smoking in class.
• 26.7% discussed reasons why people their age smoke.
• 40.2% had been taught about the effects of tobacco use.

Main Points

• High prevalence of tobacco use among youth, with nearly one-fourth currently using any tobacco product.
• Gender differences in tobacco use and perception are notable, with boys more likely to use tobacco and perceive smoking as socially advantageous.
• Moderate exposure to secondhand smoke is observed, with over two-thirds living in homes where others smoke.
• Strong cessation intent is present, as over 80% of current smokers want to quit.
• Media influence is significant, with a majority exposed to both anti-smoking and pro-smoking messages.
• School education on tobacco use is limited, with less than half of students having received formal instruction on the topic.

Key Information for Tobacco Control

The survey highlights several areas where Lesotho could strengthen its tobacco control efforts:

• Restricting access to tobacco products, especially for minors.
• Reducing exposure to secondhand smoke through public health campaigns and policy changes.
• Promoting anti-smoking media and limiting pro-smoking advertisements.
• Enhancing school-based education on the health risks of tobacco use.
• Supporting cessation efforts by increasing access to smoking cessation programs and resources.

These findings suggest that a comprehensive tobacco control program should address all five determinants identified in the survey to effectively reduce youth tobacco use and its associated health risks.