2007-12-31-世界卫生组织-2008_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Paraguay_1页_35kb

Paraguay (Ages 13-15) Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Summary

Core Content

The Paraguay Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), conducted in 2008, is a school-based survey targeting students in 7th, 8th, and 9th grades (ages 13–15). It provides critical insights into tobacco use patterns and related determinants among youth in Paraguay. The survey employed a two-stage cluster sampling method to ensure representative data, with a high overall response rate of 86.7% and a total of 4,524 students participating.

The survey focuses on several key areas: prevalence of tobacco use, knowledge and attitudes, access and availability, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), cessation behavior, media and advertising, and school curriculum. These areas are essential for developing a comprehensive tobacco control program.

Key Findings

Tobacco Use Prevalence

• 21.6% of students had ever smoked cigarettes.
  • Boys: 26.0%
  • Girls: 17.6%
• 16.7% of students currently use any tobacco product.
  • Boys: 20.8%
  • Girls: 12.9%
• 8.3% of students currently smoke cigarettes.
  • Boys: 11.3%
  • Girls: 5.5%
• 10.3% of students currently use other tobacco products.
  • Boys: 12.4%
  • Girls: 8.4%
• 14.2% of never smokers are likely to initiate smoking next year.

Knowledge and Attitudes

• 10.7% of students think boys who smoke have more friends.
• 7.9% think girls who smoke have more friends.
• 7.8% of students think boys who smoke look more attractive.
• 5.2% of students think girls who smoke look more attractive.

Access and Availability

• 17.2% of students usually smoke at home.
• 32.8% of students buy cigarettes in a store.
• 79.5% of students who bought cigarettes in a store were not refused purchase due to their age.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS)

• 32.5% of students live in homes where others smoke in their presence.
• 55.3% are exposed to smoke in places outside their home.
• 27.9% have one or more parents who smoke.
• 6.8% have most or all friends who smoke.
• 64.4% believe smoke from others is harmful to them.
• 85.7% think smoking should be banned from public places.

Cessation Behavior

• 59.0% of current smokers want to stop smoking.
• 69.0% of current smokers tried to stop smoking in the past year.
• 73.6% of current smokers have ever received help to quit.

Media and Advertising

• 85.0% of students saw anti-smoking media messages in the past 30 days.
• 89.0% of students saw pro-cigarette ads on billboards in the past 30 days.
• 88.0% of students saw pro-cigarette ads in newspapers or magazines in the past 30 days.
• 11.8% of students have an object with a cigarette brand logo.
• 15.1% of students were offered free cigarettes by a tobacco company representative.

School Curriculum

• 79.4% of students were taught about the dangers of smoking in the past year.
• 48.6% discussed reasons why people their age smoke in class.
• 69.7% were taught about the effects of tobacco use.

Main Points

• Tobacco use is relatively common among Paraguay's youth, with nearly 17% currently using any tobacco product and over 10% using other forms.
• SHS exposure is moderate, with a significant portion of students living in homes where smoking occurs and being exposed to smoke in public places.
• Public opinion favors tobacco control, with most students believing smoking should be banned in public and that secondhand smoke is harmful.
• Many students are aware of the risks associated with smoking, as evidenced by the high percentage who have been taught about the dangers and effects of tobacco use.
• Current smokers have a strong desire to quit, with over 59% wanting to stop and 73.6% having received help to do so.
• Tobacco marketing is prevalent, with nearly 90% of students exposed to pro-cigarette ads in the past 30 days, and 15% offered free cigarettes by tobacco company representatives.

Conclusion

The GYTS highlights the need for targeted tobacco control interventions in Paraguay, particularly focusing on reducing access to tobacco products, limiting exposure to SHS, increasing awareness of health risks, and countering tobacco advertising. The survey also underscores the importance of school-based education in shaping youth attitudes toward smoking and tobacco use.