加拿大政府-2018年加拿大移民年度报告（英文）-2019.3-45页_3mb

2018 Annual Report to Parliament on Immigration Summary

Core Content

This report outlines Canada's immigration strategy and achievements from 2017, emphasizing the importance of immigration in supporting the country's economic and social development. It highlights the Government of Canada's commitment to increasing immigration levels and improving integration processes for newcomers.

Main Points

1. Immigration is vital to Canada's future

• Immigration has been a key factor in Canada's growth and success, contributing to economic and social development.
• Immigrants and their descendants have made significant contributions to Canada's economy and society.
• With an aging population and low birth rate, immigration helps sustain the labor force and economic growth.

2. Canada's Immigration Plan for 2019-2021

• The plan replaces the previous three-year plan and sets targets for immigration levels over the next three years.
• The goal is to welcome 340,000 immigrants annually by 2020, with a focus on economic immigration.
• The 2019-2021 plan includes:
  • 2019: 330,800 projected admissions (range: 310,000–350,000)
  • 2020: 341,000 projected admissions (range: 310,000–360,000)
  • 2021: 350,000 projected admissions (range: 320,000–370,000)
• The plan aims to better align immigration with regional and economic needs.

3. Permanent Immigration Management

• In 2017, Canada welcomed 286,479 permanent residents.
• Over half (55.6%) of these were admitted under Economic Class programs.
• The remaining permanent residents included:
  • Family Class: 83,000 (range: 83,000–98,000)
  • Refugees, Protected Persons, and Humanitarian and Compassionate (H&C) considerations: 44,000 (range: 43,000–58,500)
• The Economic Class accounted for 159,262 admissions in 2017, below the planned range due to longer-than-expected landing times.

4. Temporary Migration

• Temporary residents, including visitors and international students, contribute to the economy by spending money in communities and bringing new perspectives.
• In 2016, visitors and international students contributed $31.8 billion to the Canadian economy.
• Temporary worker programs help meet short-term labor market needs, especially in sectors like agriculture, where foreign workers may account for up to 75% of the labor force during peak seasons.

5. Federal-Provincial/Territorial Partnerships

• The government collaborates with provinces and territories to manage immigration.
• Provincial Nominee Programs (PNPs) allow provinces to select immigrants based on local labor market needs.
• The Atlantic Immigration Pilot was introduced in 2017 to address regional needs and distribute immigration more evenly across the country.

6. Gender-Based Analysis Plus (GBA+)

• GBA+ is an evidence-based approach that considers how gender, race, ethnicity, disability, and other identity factors affect the migration experience.
• The report integrates GBA+ throughout the document, making it easier to identify and understand its influence.
• GBA+ highlights the importance of addressing gender-based violence and improving support for LGBTQ2 individuals fleeing persecution.

7. Social Contributions of Immigrants

• Immigrants contribute to the vitality of communities by bringing diversity and cultural richness.
• They are active in civic engagement, volunteering, and social organizations.
• In 2016, 32% of immigrants volunteered, and 61% were members of social organizations.
• The Settlement Program supports integration through services like language training, labor market support, and community assistance.

8. Family Reunification

• Family reunification is a central pillar of Canada's immigration program.
• It helps attract, retain, and integrate newcomers, allowing them to build successful lives.
• In 2017, 83,000 family members were admitted under the Family Class, with a projected increase in the coming years.

9. Humanitarian and Refugee Considerations

• Canada maintains a strong humanitarian tradition by offering protection to refugees and vulnerable individuals.
• In 2017, 26,000 refugees and 15,000 protected persons were welcomed, all eligible for IRCC-funded settlement services.
• Canada also supported 1,400 survivors of Daesh, including Yazidi women and children, by coordinating with settlement services.

Key Information

• Immigration levels: Canada aims to welcome nearly 350,000 permanent residents annually by 2021, with 60% of growth in the Economic Class.
• Economic impact: Immigration has driven economic growth, with a 1.25% annual increase in GDP per capita and productivity over the past two decades.
• Integration efforts: The Settlement Program provides essential services to help newcomers integrate, including language training and community support.
• Regional focus: Programs like the Atlantic Immigration Pilot and Provincial Nominee Programs help distribute immigration beyond major cities.
• Refugee and humanitarian contributions: Refugees and protected persons contribute to the economy and society, and Canada continues to support global refugee protection efforts.

Conclusion

Immigration is a cornerstone of Canada's social and economic success. The 2019-2021 Immigration Levels Plan aims to grow immigration in a responsible and sustainable manner, ensuring that it supports labor market needs, regional development, and the integration of newcomers. The report emphasizes the importance of GBA+ in understanding the diverse experiences of immigrants and ensuring equitable and inclusive immigration policies.