世界银行：2024年东亚与太平洋地区经济半年报_150页_3mb

“Jobs and Technology in East Asia and the Pacific” is a chapter from the World Bank’s October 2024 Economic Update, focusing on how digital technologies impact employment and labor markets. Key findings include: East Asia and the Pacific (EAP) has shown resilient economic growth despite global challenges, but it is slower than pre-pandemic levels. Trade tensions and domestic policies affect growth through supply chains and investment.

Technologies like robots and AI are reshaping jobs—robots displace low-skilled workers but boost productivity and wages for skilled labor; AI affects cognitive tasks, potentially displacing and augmenting jobs. In EAP, routine manual jobs are more common, making the workforce more vulnerable to automation. Robot adoption in manufacturing has increased, particularly in high-value sectors like electronics and automobiles, leading to mixed effects on employment—displacement in low-skilled jobs and creation in high-skilled ones.

The EAP region must adapt by equipping workers with digital, technical, and soft skills; improving labor and capital mobility; and expanding social protection for the growing digital workforce. Governments should balance technology adoption with inclusive policies to ensure broad-based economic benefits.