2017年-世界发展银行全球_The_Forced_Displacement_Crisis___A_Ioint_Paper_by_Multilateral_Development_Banks_30页_343kb

Summary of the Joint MDB Paper on the Forced Displacement Crisis

A. Introduction

The joint paper by Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) outlines a framework for collective action to address the global forced displacement crisis, aligning with the UN Secretary General's "One Humanity" agenda. It emphasizes the need for MDBs to complement humanitarian efforts by focusing on long-term development solutions. The paper highlights the five main comparative advantages of MDBs:

1. Investments: Supporting infrastructure, service delivery, SME access to finance, job creation, and capacity development.
2. Analytical capacity: Informing policy and public debate.
3. Technical capacity: Facilitating project development and implementation.
4. Financing leverage: Mobilizing public and private resources.
5. Convening power: Encouraging regional and stakeholder collaboration.

The paper was coordinated by the EIB and WBG, and input was received from IMF and UNHCR staff. It is structured into three main sections: Strategic Agenda, Operational Implications, and Framework for Collective Action, with additional annexes providing definitions and ongoing initiatives.

B. Strategic Agenda

1. Mitigating the Crisis: Reducing Fragility

• Drivers of displacement: Conflict, violence, and economic factors are key causes.
• Natural disasters: Also contribute to displacement and can exacerbate fragility.
• Regional spillovers: MDBs must address cross-border impacts and support regional cooperation.
• Prevention and early warning: Investment in prevention, early warning systems, and youth empowerment is crucial to minimize future displacement.
• Resilient economies: MDBs should focus on building economic and institutional resilience at national and subnational levels.

2. Responding to the Crisis

• Socioeconomic focus: Development institutions should shift attention from legal protection to economic and social integration.
• Host community support: Assistance to host communities is vital for economic resilience, poverty reduction, and sustainability.
• Infrastructure and services: Investments in physical and social infrastructure, especially in urban areas, are needed to accommodate displaced populations.
• Economic opportunities: Creating employment and entrepreneurship opportunities for both displaced individuals and host communities is essential.
• Inclusive growth: Promoting inclusive growth and resilience through public-private partnerships and innovative financing.
• Social integration: Initiatives that foster social integration and address the needs of minorities and women are necessary.
• Education and skills: Preserving and enhancing education and skills to maintain productive potential and enable future economic participation.

C. Operational Implications

• Synergies and partnerships: MDBs must develop synergies with each other, governments, UN agencies, the private sector, and civil society.
• Context-specific approaches: Solutions must be tailored to local conditions and include a gender and minority-sensitive dimension.
• Adaptation of instruments: MDBs should adjust their financial instruments and processes to better respond to the crisis.
• Private sector engagement: Encouraging private sector involvement in service delivery and economic development is critical.
• Monitoring and evaluation: Ensuring effective M&E systems to track progress and outcomes.
• Cash-based assistance: Promoting cash transfers over in-kind aid to enhance economic activity and local procurement.
• Fiscal support: MDBs can assist host governments in managing fiscal and balance of payments pressures through emergency financing mechanisms.

D. Framework for Collective Action

• A global and coordinated approach is needed, leveraging the comparative advantages of each MDB.
• Multi-year planning: The response should be based on long-term outcomes rather than short-term inputs.
• Policy coherence: Aligning development policies with humanitarian efforts to ensure a holistic approach.
• Regional cooperation: Strengthening regional collaboration to address cross-border challenges.
• Inclusive decision-making: Ensuring that displaced populations and their host communities are involved in future planning and decision-making processes.

E. Next Steps

• Enhanced coordination: MDBs should work together with other stakeholders to align efforts and improve efficiency.
• Investment in prevention: Prioritize investments in early warning systems and resilience-building.
• Support for host communities: Continue to provide support for infrastructure, services, and economic development in host areas.
• Innovative financing: Explore new financing mechanisms to mobilize both public and private resources.
• Gender and minority inclusion: Ensure that gender and minority dimensions are central to all initiatives.
• Education and skills: Focus on education, skills training, and employment opportunities for displaced populations.
• Long-term engagement: Commit to long-term engagement with affected countries to support sustainable development and peacebuilding.

Annexes

• Annex I: Definitions of key terms related to forced displacement.
• Annex III: Examples of ongoing MDB initiatives addressing the crisis.
• Annex IV: Insights from voluntary migration economics.
• Annex V: Details of the New Financing Initiative for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.

This joint paper underscores the critical role of MDBs in addressing the forced displacement crisis through a comprehensive, sustainable, and inclusive development approach.