联合国贸易发展委员会-将与贸易有关的措施纳入国家自主贡献（英）-2023.11-22页_643kb

This document analyzes trade-related measures within Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) under the Paris Agreement to support climate change mitigation and adaptation. The analysis, based on UNCTAD's technical note from 2023, evaluates provisions in 60 NDCs from developing countries. It categorizes these measures into direct and indirect types, with most falling under renewable energy, energy efficiency, and technical regulations. For instance, technical regulations were the most frequent, while market-based measures like carbon pricing were less prominent. The findings suggest that integrating trade policy into climate planning could enhance climate goals, such as increasing exports of sustainable goods and reducing carbon footprints. Recommendations include better coordination between trade and climate stakeholders and international cooperation on standards.

Summary:

• Introduction: NDCs under the Paris Agreement include climate measures that can be enhanced with trade policies for better economy-climate synergies.
• Methodology: Examined 60 NDCs from various regions and income levels, identifying 680 trade-related measures.
• Preliminary Findings:
  • Renewable energy and energy efficiency had 281 and 281 measures, respectively.
  • Technical regulations were the most common, accounting for 40% of mapped measures.
  • Green value chain development was prominent in Africa, Latin America, and Asia.
  • Subsidies and tax exemptions aimed at reducing fossil fuel dependence were significant.
• Conclusion and Way Forward: Strengthened integration of trade policy into NDCs can accelerate climate goals by improving market access, reducing carbon intensity, and fostering sustainable industries. International cooperation and standard harmonization are key.
• Other Insights: Most NDCs lack explicit trade references, indicating a need for policy coherence.

This summary highlights that while trade-related measures exist, their underutilization could unlock greater potential for climate action through trade. For further details, refer to the full report.