2007-12-31-世界卫生组织-2008_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Nigeria_Kano_1页_46kb

Nigeria-Kano Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Summary

Core Content

The Nigeria-Kano Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is a school-based survey conducted in 2008, targeting students in Junior Secondary 2 and 3, and Senior Secondary 1. The survey aimed to gather data on the prevalence of tobacco use and the key determinants influencing youth smoking behavior, including access/availability and price, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), cessation, media and advertising, and school curriculum. The data collected serves as a foundation for developing a comprehensive tobacco control program in the region.

The survey used a two-stage cluster sampling method, ensuring representative data. Schools were selected based on their enrollment size, and classes were randomly chosen. The overall response rate was 54%, with 420 students aged 13-15 participating.

Main Findings

Prevalence of Tobacco Use

• Ever smoked cigarettes: 16.1% of students (29.2% boys, 3.7% girls)
• Currently use any tobacco product: 21.9% (17.2% boys, 27.5% girls)
• Currently smoke cigarettes: 6.2% (11.4% boys, 0.3% girls)
• Currently use other tobacco products: 19.7% (24.0% boys, 14.3% girls)
• Likely to initiate smoking next year: 9.8% of never smokers

Knowledge and Attitudes

• Smoking and social acceptance: 31.1% of students think boys who smoke have more friends, while 21.9% think girls who smoke have more friends.
• Smoking and attractiveness: 9.1% think boys who smoke look more attractive, and 10.9% think girls who smoke look more attractive.

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS)

• Living in homes with smoking: 18.7% of students
• Exposure outside the home: 55.8%
• Belief in SHS harm: 56.2% think smoke from others is harmful to them
• Support for SHS bans: 70.9% think smoking should be banned from public places
• Parental smoking: 7.5% have one or more parents who smoke
• Peer smoking: 6.3% have most or all friends who smoke

Media and Advertising

• Anti-smoking media exposure: 65.5% of students saw anti-smoking messages in the past 30 days
• Pro-cigarette ads: 52.7% saw pro-cigarette ads on billboards, and 52.6% saw them in newspapers or magazines
• Brand logos: 26.8% have an object with a cigarette brand logo
• Free cigarette offers: 9.5% were offered free cigarettes by a tobacco company representative

School Curriculum

• Smoking dangers education: 48.3% of students were taught about the dangers of smoking
• Reasons for smoking: 30.1% discussed reasons for smoking in class
• Tobacco effects education: 42.2% were taught about the effects of tobacco use

Key Highlights

• Over 20% of students currently use any form of tobacco, with a notable gender disparity in cigarette smoking (boys: 11.4%, girls: 0.3%).
• Exposure to secondhand smoke is moderate, with 18.7% living in homes where others smoke and 55.8% being around smokers outside the home.
• A majority (70.9%) believe smoking should be banned in public places, and 56.2% recognize the harmful effects of SHS.
• Students are significantly exposed to both anti-smoking and pro-cigarette media messages, with over half (52.7%) seeing pro-cigarette ads on billboards.
• Almost 1 in 4 students (26.8%) have an object with a cigarette brand logo.
• The school curriculum has made some progress in educating students about the risks of smoking and its effects, but there is room for improvement in the scope and frequency of such education.

Conclusion

The Nigeria-Kano GYTS provides critical insights into the tobacco use patterns and perceptions among adolescents. It highlights the need for targeted interventions to reduce tobacco use, especially among boys, and to address the influence of media and peer behavior. Additionally, it underscores the importance of strengthening school-based tobacco education programs to enhance knowledge and discourage initiation of smoking.