2015-12-31-世界卫生组织-2015-2016_STEPS_Fact_Sheet_Kiribati_2页_228kb

报告摘要

Kiribati Islands STEPS Survey 2015-2016: Summary

This summary details the findings of the STEPS (Steps for Surveillance of Preventable Risk Factors for Chronic Non-communicable Diseases and Potentially Modifiable Risk Factors) survey conducted in Kiribati from 2015 to 2016.

Survey Design & Population

Objective: To assess chronic disease risk factors in adults aged 18-69.
Methodology: A three-step approach:
1. Step 1: Collected sociodemographic and behavioral data (including tobacco use, alcohol consumption, fruit/vegetable intake, physical activity, and cervical cancer screening).
2. Step 2: Conducted physical measurements (height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure - including medicated cases, BMI classification).
3. Step 3: Conducted biochemical measurements (fasting blood glucose - including medicated cases, blood cholesterol).
Sample Design: Multi-cluster sampling to ensure representation.
Participation: 2156 adults participated, yielding an overall response rate of 55%.

Key Findings by Risk Factor & Demographic

Risk Factor	Overall Prevalence (Note: Includes both sexes unless specified)	Key Details	Both Sexes Range	Males Range	Females Range
Tobacco Use
Current Smoker	47.7%	41.5-54.0%
Daily Smoker	45.0%	39.6-50.3%
Average Age Started (daily smokers)	18.5 years	17.6-19.4 years
Manufactured Cigarettes (daily smokers)	37.4%	29.1-45.7%
Avg Daily Cigarettes (manufactured users)	2.3 cigarettes	1.4-3.2 cigarettes
Alcohol Consumption
Lifetime Abstainers	67.4%	58.6-76.2%
Past 12 Month Abstainers	12.2%	9.2-15.2%
Current/Dragged Alcohol (past 30 days)	11.6%	7.6-15.6%
Heavy Episodic Drinking (among drinkers)	9.8%	5.5-14.0%
Fruit & Vegetable Consumption
Mean Fruit Days/Week	1.6 days	1.3-1.4 days
Mean Fruit Servings/Day	0.5 servings	0.3-0.6 servings
Mean Vegetable Days/Week	1.5 days	1.3-1.7 days
Mean Vegetable Servings/Day	0.4 servings	0.2-0.6 servings
<5 Servings (F&V)/Day	98.4%	97.4-99.3%
Physical Activity
Insufficient Activity (<150 min/moderate/week)	35.8%	31.8-39.7%
Median Activity Time/Day (min)	38.6 min		7.1-120.0 min	20.0-187.1 min	1.4-78.6 min
No Vigorous Activity	72.2%	69.2-75.2%
Cervical Cancer Screening (Females 30-49)
Ever Screened	16.4%	8.8-24.1%
Physical Measurements (Step 2)
Mean BMI	30.4 kg/m²	29.6-31.1 kg/m²
Overweight (BMI ≥ 25)	81.0%	74.7-87.4%
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30)	45.6%	40.6-50.2%
Mean Waist Circumference	92.0 cm	89.1-94.8 cm
Mean BP (SBP & DBP incl. medicated)	SBP: 127.4 mmHg<br>DBP: 84.4 mmHg	SBP: 126.2-128.7 mmHg<br>DBP: 82.8-85.9 mmHg
Raised BP (incl. medicated)	34.4%	39.5-39.3%
Raised BP (not medicated)	33.1%	27.6-38.7%
Biochemical Measurements (Step 3)
Mean Fasting Glucose (incl. medicated)	5.0 mmol/L	4.8-5.3 mmol/L
IFG (5.6-6.9 mmol/L equiv.)	4.6%	3.1-5.8%
Raised Glucose or Medicated (≥7.0 mmol/L)	12.2%	9.0-15.3%
Mean Total Cholesterol (incl. medicated)	3.8 mmol/L	3.6-4.1 mmol/L
Raised Cholesterol or Medicated (≥5.0 mmol/L)	15.6%	10.0-21.2%
Combined Risk Factors Summary	Overall < 3 risk factors: 0.3%<br>Overall ≥ 3 risk factors: 62.3%	Current daily smoker<br>Overweight (BMI ≥ 25)<br><5 F&V servings/day<br>High BP prevalence (incl. treated)	-0.3%-1.0%
Age Group Prevalence of ≥ 3 Risk Factors
18-44 yrs	70.1%	(58.3-29.5%)	(64.2%-76.0%)	(68.4%-85.1%)	(60.5%-91%)
45-69 yrs	82.8%	(72.8-92.8%)	(68.6%-96.2%)	(63.6%-83.1%)	(78.2%-90.3%)

Summary of Key Findings

The Kiribati Islands STEPS survey reveals high prevalence rates for several chronic disease risk factors among the surveyed adults (aged 18-69):

Significant tobacco use, particularly daily smoking.
High rates of physical inactivity.
Poor dietary habits, with near-universal (98%) consumption below the recommended 5 servings of fruit and vegetables daily.
Widespread overweight (81%) and obesity (46%).
High prevalence of elevated blood pressure (34-35%).
Elevated fasting blood glucose (12%) and blood cholesterol (15-16%) levels were also found, alongside a notifiable rate for impaired fasting glucose among females.

Importantly, a large proportion of the population (62.3% overall, rising significantly to 82.8% in older adults aged 45-69) possesses three or more of these key chronic disease risk factors.