2018全球环境观_世界如何看待我们的变化环境（英文版）_48页_4mb

Summary of "Global Views on the Environment – 2018"

Core Content

This document presents findings from a global survey conducted by IPSOS in 2018, focusing on public perceptions of environmental issues and potential policy actions to address them. The survey included 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 from 28 countries, covering a range of environmental concerns and consumer behaviors.

Top Environmental Issues

The following are the top three environmental issues perceived as most concerning globally:

• Global warming/climate change
• Air pollution
• Dealing with waste

These issues are consistently ranked as top-three concerns in the majority of countries surveyed.

Key Points on Each Issue

• Global warming/climate change: A majority of respondents (87%) believe climate change is occurring, with most attributing it to human activity. It is widely seen as a pressing issue across the globe.

• Air pollution: This issue is also ranked highly, with significant concern in countries like South Korea, India, and the United States. It is often linked to urbanization and industrial activity.

• Dealing with waste: Growing concern about waste management, especially in countries with increasing consumption and waste generation. While it is a top-three issue in most countries, it is most pressing in a few, such as Romania, where deforestation is also a top-three issue.

Less Concerning Issues

The following issues are reported as less concerning:

• Soil erosion
• Over-packaged consumer goods
• Flooding
• Emissions

However, these are still seen as important in certain regions, especially those affected by environmental degradation or climate-related disasters.

Climate Change Perception

• Global Awareness: 87% of respondents globally believe climate change is occurring.
• Causes: Most agree that climate change is at least partly caused by human activity, with only a small percentage believing it is entirely natural or non-existent.
• Country Variations: Countries like Chile and Peru show the highest levels of belief in climate change, while the United States and Japan have lower percentages, though still above 70%.

Policy Actions for Non-Recyclable Product Waste

Respondents were asked about potential policy actions to reduce the use of non-recyclable products. The following policies were considered effective:

• Increased government spending on recycling
• Higher taxes on supermarkets and shops using non-recyclable packaging
• Taxing non-recyclable containers
• Public information campaigns
• "Naming and shaming" bad businesses
• Fines for households that do not recycle enough

Among these, the majority of respondents support increased government investment in recycling and public awareness campaigns.

Personal Actions to Reduce Waste

When asked about personal actions to reduce the problems caused by non-recyclable packaging, the most common responses include:

• Reusing disposable items (53%)
• Buying products made from recycled materials (47%)
• Stopping the purchase of goods with non-recyclable packaging (36%)
• Avoiding supermarkets and shops with excessive non-recyclable packaging (18%)

These actions reflect a growing awareness of the environmental impact of consumer choices and a desire to reduce waste through behavioral change.

Conclusion

The document highlights that global warming, air pollution, and waste management are the most pressing environmental issues. It also emphasizes the role of both governmental policies and individual actions in mitigating these challenges. Public perception is largely in favor of policies that promote recycling, reduce non-recyclable packaging use, and raise awareness about environmental impacts.