2018全球环境观：世界如何看待我们的变化环境（英文版）-6mb

Global Views on the Environment – 2018 Summary

Core Content

This document presents findings from the IPSOS Global Advisor survey conducted between March 23 and April 6, 2018, involving 20,794 online adults aged 16-64 across 28 countries. It explores global perceptions of environmental issues and potential policy actions to address them.

Top Environmental Issues

The survey identifies the following as the top three environmental issues of concern globally:

• Global warming/climate change
• Air pollution
• Dealing with waste

These issues are reported as top-three concerns in the majority of countries surveyed. Other issues such as soil erosion, over-packaged consumer goods, flooding, and emissions are considered less concerning.

Country-Specific Insights

In some countries, de-forestation is listed as a top-three issue, but it is only a concern in six countries. For those countries where it is a top-three issue, it is often seen as the most pressing.

Perception of Climate Change

• 95% of the global population believes climate change is occurring.
• The majority of respondents (around 70%) believe climate change is partly a natural process and partly human caused, with 15-20% attributing it mainly to human activity and 4-6% thinking it is entirely natural.
• A small percentage (around 5-10%) believe climate change does not exist.

Concern with Non-Recyclable Product Waste

• 80% of global respondents are at least somewhat concerned about the use of disposable, non-recyclable products.
• South Korea and Malaysia show the highest concern (90% each), while Japan and Saudi Arabia show lower concern (60% and 61%, respectively).

Policy Actions for Reducing Non-Recyclable Waste

The survey explores potential policy actions to reduce the use of non-recyclable products, with the following being perceived as effective:

• Increased government spending on recycling (plurality of respondents)
• Higher taxes on supermarkets and shops using non-recyclable packaging
• Taxing non-recyclable containers to increase their price
• Public information campaigns funded by taxpayers
• "Naming and shaming" bad businesses to reduce their use of non-recyclable packaging
• Fines for households that do not recycle enough

Personal Actions to Reduce Waste

Citizens are willing to take personal actions to reduce non-recyclable waste, including:

• Reusing disposable items (53% of respondents)
• Buying products made from recycled materials (47%)
• Stopping the purchase of goods with non-recyclable packaging (36%)
• Avoiding shops with excessive non-recyclable packaging (18%)

Key Environmental Issues

The survey also highlights the following as additional key environmental issues:

• Water pollution (mentioned in several countries)
• Overpopulation (a concern in some regions)
• Wildlife conservation (seen as important by many)
• Poor quality drinking water (particularly in South Africa)
• Future energy and food supplies (seen as long-term challenges)

Summary of Key Findings

• Global warming, air pollution, and waste management are the most pressing environmental issues worldwide.
• Climate change is widely recognized, with most people acknowledging both natural and human causes.
• Non-recyclable product waste is a growing concern, especially in countries with high levels of plastic usage.
• Policy measures such as government investment in recycling, taxes on non-recyclable packaging, and public awareness campaigns are seen as effective solutions.
• Personal actions like reusing items, buying recycled products, and avoiding non-recyclable packaging are also considered viable strategies by many citizens.

Conclusion

The survey underscores the global awareness of environmental challenges, with a strong consensus on the importance of addressing climate change, air and water pollution, and waste management. It also highlights the role of both government policy and individual responsibility in mitigating these issues.