可持续银行网络（SBN）全球进展报告（英文版）_74页-5mb

SBN Global Progress Report Summary (February 2018)

Core Content

The Sustainable Banking Network (SBN) Global Progress Report, published in February 2018, outlines the progress made by SBN member countries in advancing sustainable finance. The report highlights the collective and individual efforts of 34 emerging market economies, representing over $42.6 trillion in banking assets, which is more than 85% of the total in emerging markets. The SBN, supported by the International Finance Corporation (IFC), aims to transform financial markets toward sustainability through a unified approach to policy development and implementation.

Main Viewpoints

• Sustainable Finance as a Global Imperative: Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and climate targets by 2030 requires $70 trillion in financing. Emerging markets, with over $50 trillion in banking assets, are key players in this effort.

• SBN's Role: The SBN is a collaborative network of financial regulators and banking associations from 34 countries, working together to promote sustainable finance. It has developed a measurement framework to assess progress across member countries.

• Progression Stages: The report introduces a 5-stage progression matrix to evaluate the maturity of sustainable finance initiatives. Countries are categorized based on their implementation status, ranging from "initiating" to "established."

• Policy Development: Most SBN members have developed policies and principles aligned with international standards such as the IFC Performance Standards and the Equator Principles. These policies aim to guide financial institutions in managing environmental and social (E&S) risks and promoting green finance.

• Implementation and Monitoring: While many countries have launched policies, continuous monitoring and reporting of E&S performance are still areas needing improvement. Only 11 countries have implemented risk categorization for credit decision-making.

• Green Finance Flows: The private sector is a major source of financing for green growth, with China estimated to need over 85% of its green investment from private sources. Some countries are using incentives to encourage green lending, but few have developed systematic mechanisms to track and promote green finance.

• Enabling Environment: Cross-cutting factors such as legal frameworks, regulatory support, and international collaboration are essential for the success of sustainable finance initiatives. The report emphasizes the importance of these factors in driving the transition to sustainable finance.

Key Information

Country Initiatives

• 15 countries have launched national sustainable finance policies and principles, including China, Brazil, South Africa, Indonesia, and Nigeria.
• These policies vary in form: some are mandatory (e.g., China, Indonesia, Peru), others are voluntary (e.g., Mongolia, Colombia, Kenya), and some are a mix of both (e.g., Brazil, South Africa).
• Ecuador is at the "formative" stage with a formalized policy but no implementation yet.
• Kenya, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, South Africa, and Turkey are at the "emerging" stage, with policies in place and some implementation.
• Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Colombia, Indonesia, Mongolia, Nigeria, and Vietnam are at the "established" stage, with comprehensive implementation and reporting on results and impacts.

Methodology

• The SBN measurement framework is based on international best practices and member experiences.
• It assesses three pillars: E&S Risk Management, Green Finance Flows, and Enabling Environment.
• The framework allows for annual progress tracking and provides a common basis for comparison and analysis among member countries.

Green Finance

• China's Green Credit Policy has been a key initiative, with banks directing around 10% of their financing to green loans and investments.
• Brazilian banks increased green lending from 11% to 14% of their portfolios between 2013 and 2015.
• Green credit in China's top 21 banks reached $1.09 trillion, showing a 16% year-on-year growth and a lower non-performing loan ratio compared to the industry average.
• The report notes that while green finance is growing, there is a need for better definitions, data, reporting, and incentives to facilitate broader participation.

Enabling Environment

• Legal and regulatory frameworks are critical for supporting sustainable finance.
• International collaboration and knowledge sharing are essential for progress.
• Peer learning has been a significant driver, with countries adopting successful practices from others.

Future Steps

• The SBN is focusing on expanding the green bond market and promoting sustainable finance beyond the banking sector.
• The network aims to accelerate the adoption of sustainable finance across the global financial system.
• The measurement framework will be used continuously to track progress and encourage further improvements.

Conclusion

The SBN Global Progress Report underscores the importance of collaboration, innovation, and systematic measurement in advancing sustainable finance. It highlights the progress made by member countries and the potential for further growth, especially in lower-income economies. The report serves as a valuable tool for policymakers, regulators, and financial institutions to learn from each other and accelerate the transition toward sustainable financial systems.