世界银行-促进越南可持续海洋经济（PEIR）（英）-2025_137页_3mb

报告摘要

Boosting Viet Nam’s Sustainable Marine Economy: Summary

1. Overview and Potential

Viet Nam possesses vast marine resources, including diverse ecosystems and a long coastline, supporting key sectors like fishing, tourism, and aquaculture. The marine economy contributes modestly to GDP (around 5.8-7.2% in 2020), making up about 8% of employment but facing challenges in sustainability. Resolution 36 (2018) aims to increase its contribution to GDP, targeting 10% by 2030.

2. Key Findings and Challenges

Environmental Conflicts: Industrialization harms marine ecosystems (e.g., mangrove loss, coral degradation), hindering sustainable growth.
Investment Gaps: Public investment favors infrastructure (e.g., ports, roads) over emerging sectors like renewable energy, leading to inefficiencies like project delays and misaligned funding.
Classification Issues: Vietnam’s marine economy classification does not align with international standards, complicating data collection and policy integration.

3. Way Forward: Recommendations

Short-Term Recommendations (0-2 years)

Strengthen State and community engagement and co-management models.
Integrate sustainability into public procurement.
Initiate data integration for marine economic planning.
Enhance Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs).
Reform budget allocation processes.

Medium-Term Recommendations (2-5 years)

Expand blended finance mechanisms for support marine sectors.
Refine Marine Spatial Planning (MSP) and technical support.
Promote research and innovation.
Strengthen international collaboration.
Improve governance and coordination.

Long-Term Recommendations (5-10 years)

Establish comprehensive marine economy data systems.
Develop inter-regional infrastructure for marine sectors.
Foster ecosystem-based management and scale-up EFTs.
Scale-up renewable energy and mariculture.
Promote global leadership in sustainable marine development.

Key Priority: Addressing Challenges

Environmental Sustainability: Balance economic growth with marine ecosystem protection.
Public and Private Investment: Optimize funding to underserved sectors like renewable energy and aquaculture.
Policy and Governance: Strengthen institutions, improve regulatory frameworks, and enhance monitoring systems.

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