2025-01-12-世界银行-孟加拉国沿海渔网回收利用（英）_62页_4mb

Summary of "Harnessing Fishing Net Recycling in Coastal Bangladesh"

Background and Context

This report addresses plastic pollution from fishing nets and waste in coastal Bangladesh's fisheries sector. Bangladesh's economy relies heavily on fishing, contributing approximately 3.57% to GDP and employing over 17 million people, with about 1.4 million women involved. However, significant challenges include illegal nets, improper disposal, and limited recycling, leading to environmental degradation. The study focuses on developing circular economy solutions through value chains for fishing net recycling, incorporating a gender-equitable approach, supported by data from field research, FTIR analysis, and community engagement.

Key Findings

• Net Pollution and Composition: Fishing nets primarily use nylon-6 (high-recycling value), found in all collected samples. Illegal nets (e.g., current jal, behundi jal) are commonly confiscated but often burned, causing toxic emissions. Annually, about 107–238 tons and 113–136 tons of end-of-life nets are sold in Charfesson and Cox’s Bazar Sadar, respectively. SUPs usage is high, with over 887,400 pieces weekly in Cox’s Bazar Sadar.
• Gender Barriers: Women make up less than 10% of the fishing sector, facing constraints like limited access to credit, social norms restricting mobility, and lack of financial literacy. However, they express interest in recycling roles, such as collection and sorting, and suggested targeted training, financial support, and safe working conditions to improve participation.
• Environmental Impact: Fishing nets contribute to marine pollution, with higher litter density in high-fishing areas. Chemical recycling is recommended for high-value products, while mechanical recycling faces quality issues.

Business Models for Recycling

• Model 1: Establish local gender-inclusive value chains for collecting, cleaning, and baling nets, with densification for export. Encourages cooperative ownership and family enterprises.
• Model 2: Set up supply chains for selling mixed plastic waste (including nets) to industries for construction materials like recycled boards, emphasizing women’s cooperatives and sustainable practices.
• Model 3: Export fishing nets for chemical recycling into nylon-6 yarn, leveraging global markets, but requiring phased approaches to minimize initial investment and ensure compliance with regulations.

Recommendations

1. Explore legal amendments to allow recycling of illegal nets, replacing burning with eco-friendly methods.
2. Increase fishers' incomes through alternative livelihoods and gear exchange programs.
3. Promote gender-equitable value chains with training, financial services, and safe collection points.
4. Foster partnerships with private sector for SUP recycling and circular economy initiatives.
5. Develop policy frameworks aligned with the Global Plastics Treaty and conduct awareness campaigns.
6. Implement community-based financial schemes like community banking to enhance accessibility.

Next Steps

• Conduct feasibility studies for business models.
• Assess financial viability and secure funding.
• Expand community engagement and capacity building.
• Design gender-responsive monitoring plans and education programs.

Overall, the report emphasizes the need for integrated strategies combining policy, innovation, and gender inclusivity to mitigate plastic pollution and promote sustainable economic development.