2003-12-31-世界卫生组织-2004_GSHS_Fact_Sheet_Zambia_2页_362kb

报告摘要

2004 Zambia GSHS Summary

核心内容

The 2004 Zambia Global School-based Health Survey (GSHS) was a school-based survey targeting students in grades 6 to 10. It aimed to collect data on various health-related behaviors and factors, including alcohol and drug use, sexual behaviors, unintentional injuries and violence, hygiene, dietary habits, physical activity, mental health, and protective factors. The survey used a two-stage cluster sampling method to ensure representativeness of the student population. A total of 2,257 students participated, with a school response rate of 94%, a student response rate of 75%, and an overall response rate of 70%. The analyses for this fact sheet focused on students aged 13-15 years.

主要观点

酒精和药物使用：超过40%的学生在过去的30天内饮用过含酒精的饮料，且有近40%的学生曾因饮酒而醉酒。此外，约38%的学生在一生中使用过药物。
饮食与体重：近30%的学生在过去30天内因家中食物不足而经常或总是挨饿。
卫生习惯：约15%的学生在使用厕所后从未或很少洗手，而约12%的学生在进食前从未或很少洗手。
心理健康：约24%的学生在过去12个月内感到孤独，约31%的学生曾认真考虑过自杀。此外，约15%的学生没有亲密的朋友。
体育活动：只有不到10%的学生在过去7天内每天至少进行60分钟的体育活动。
久坐行为：约33%的学生在日常生活中每天坐着超过3小时。
保护因素：超过58%的学生在过去30天内曾无故缺课，约40%的学生认为学校同学很少或从未帮助他人，约35%的学生表示父母或监护人不了解他们的课余活动。

关键信息

主题	总体数据	男生	女生
酒精使用	42.3% ±5.1	38.7% ±7.3	45.1% ±4.8
醉酒经历	42.8% ±4.4	38.6% ±5.1	46.5% ±5.9
饮酒导致的不良后果	47.3% ±3.2	44.1% ±5.7	50.2% ±5.1
药物使用	38.1% ±4.9	36.7% ±5.7	39.3% ±6.2
饥饿情况	29.5% ±2.4	27.3% ±3.2	31.1% ±4.5
手部卫生（进食前）	12.4% ±2.7	15.2% ±3.7	10.1% ±2.7
手部卫生（如厕后）	15.7% ±2.6	16.8% ±3.7	14.4% ±3.0
孤独感	23.9% ±3.0	21.6% ±4.6	26.4% ±4.6
自杀考虑	31.1% ±4.2	31.0% ±5.4	30.8% ±4.7
无亲密朋友	14.7% ±2.4	14.9% ±3.4	14.9% ±3.9
每日体育活动	9.8% ±2.9	9.7% ±3.5	10.2% ±3.4
久坐行为	32.6% ±3.3	33.1% ±4.8	32.7% ±3.7
无故缺课	58.7% ±4.7	59.3% ±5.0	58.1% ±6.8
学校同学缺乏帮助	40.5% ±4.9	45.1% ±5.5	36.8% ±5.6
父母不了解课余活动	35.2% ±5.5	35.0% ±6.0	37.1% ±7.2
性行为	38.0% ±7.2	45.2% ±6.6	29.1% ±10.5
多性伴侣	25.2% ±4.6	26.0% ±5.9	23.3% ±8.0
最后一次性行为使用避孕套	54.2% ±12.0	-	-
参与打架	53.0% ±4.1	50.3% ±5.4	55.9% ±5.1
严重受伤	71.5% ±5.9	70.2% ±7.7	73.2% ±7.5
被欺凌	65.1% ±3.7	62.5% ±5.6	67.1% ±4.9