2024-04-29-世界卫生组织-Road_safety_Estonia_2023_country_profile_1页_195kb

Estonia Road Safety Summary (2023)

Key Data

• Population: ~1.32 million (High income, European WHO Region)
• Participation in Global Status Report Road Safety (GSRRS): 2009, 2013, 2015, 2018, 2023
• Target/Fatalities (2021 WHO Est): 55 (59 with 95% CI: 55-64) per year
• Target/Rate (2021): ~4.4 per 100,000 population
• National Road Safety Strategy: Yes
• National Lead Agency: Yes
• Target/Year: 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specific 2025 reduction targets not detailed here.

Road User Behaviour

• Male fatalities consistently > Female (ratio ~2.68:1).
• Population distribution under 18, young drivers particularly dangerous.
• National laws prohibit driving under influence of alcohol/drugs and set driving time/rest periods.
• Target to reduce driving after drinking: Presence unknown.
• Adherence to targets/UN conventions: Generally good adherence noted.

Road Infrastructure Safety

• Authorities can modify local speed limits.
• No specific technical standards mentioned for new roads.
• No reported targets related to speed reduction nationally.

Vehicle Safety

• Laws require motorcycle helmet use.
• Laws require seatbelt use for all road types, with enforcement laws.
• Laws require anti-lock braking systems (ABS) and electronic stability control (ESC) for all engines.
• Laws require pedestrian protection features.
• No specific laws mentioned for moped/trolley laws or mobile phone use laws yet (or data missing).
• No law prohibiting handheld mobile phone use during driving currently noted.
• No specific law targeting distracted driving (holding mobile phone).
• No laws prohibiting mobile phone use while driving currently noted.
• Seatbelt wearing rate, Helmet wearing rate not recorded.

Post-Crash Response

• Universal access to emergency care available.
• Free-of-charge emergency services available for all crash victims and families.
• Access to psychological services available to road crash victims and families.
• Targets for time between serious crash and emergency care not defined.

Institutional Framework & National Systems

• National road safety strategy exists (2009, 2018 implementation).
• Strategies promote child restraint use and forbid children under 12 on front seat.
• National legislation on third-party liability insurance for powered vehicles exists or is under consideration (or status unclear).
• National law mandates periodic vehicle technical inspection.
• National data focal points exist.
• No systematic data available on speeding violations and related injuries/fatalities.