中国迈向自然受益型经济的机遇（英）-87页_35mb

Summary of Seizing Business Opportunities in China's Transition Towards a Nature-positive Economy

Core Content

This report by the World Economic Forum explores the intersection of nature and economic development in China, emphasizing the need for a transition to a nature-positive economy. It outlines the challenges China's natural ecosystems face due to rapid economic growth and urbanization, and highlights the opportunities for businesses to contribute to sustainable development while reaping economic benefits.

Main Points

• Nature and Economy Interconnected: China's natural ecosystems are central to its economic growth, business prosperity, and social development. Over 65% of China's GDP is at risk of disruption due to nature loss.
• Key Socio-Economic Systems: The report identifies three key socio-economic systems that are crucial to China's development and have the most significant impact on nature:
  • Food, land- and ocean-use system
  • Infrastructure and built environment system
  • Energy and extractives system
• Nature-positive Transitions: A total of 15 priority transitions are proposed to guide China towards a nature-positive economy. These transitions are expected to generate $1.9 trillion in annual business value and 88 million new jobs by 2030.
• Global Leadership and Ambition: China, as the world's second-largest economy and one of the most biodiverse countries, is uniquely positioned to lead the global transition to a nature-positive, net-zero and equitable economy. It is also a key player in promoting the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework.
• Biodiversity and Climate Change: The report highlights that biodiversity loss and climate change are interconnected. Addressing both requires a holistic and integrated approach to avoid reinforcing negative feedback loops.

Key Information

• China's Environmental Challenges:

  • China has experienced rapid urbanization and economic growth, but this has come at the cost of natural ecosystem degradation.
  • Desertification covers 27% of China's land area, and 21.4% of vertebrates are threatened.
  • Mangrove areas have declined by 40% since 1950, and one-third of grasslands are moderately or severely degraded.

• Economic Impact of Nature Loss:

  • $9 trillion of China's annual economic output is dependent on nature and its services.
  • Nature loss affects business operations, supply chains, and increases regulatory, legal, reputational, market and public health risks.
  • China's middle class is growing, and with it, consumer demand and urbanization are putting additional pressure on natural systems.

• China's Vision and Strategy:

  • China has adopted the philosophy of ecological civilization, which is enshrined in its 14th Five-Year Plan and Vision for 2035.
  • China has set ambitious climate goals: peak emissions by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060.
  • The "ecological conservation red line" has been established, protecting at least 25% of China's land area.

• Opportunities for Businesses:

  • The 15 nature-positive transitions are projected to create $1.9 trillion in business value and 88 million jobs by 2030.
  • These transitions include:
    • Ecosystem restoration
    • Sustainable agriculture and ocean management
    • Green infrastructure development
    • Renewable energy and resource-efficient models

• Call to Action:

  • Collaboration across government, businesses, investors, and citizens is essential to achieve a nature-positive transition.
  • The report encourages Chinese businesses to take a proactive role in environmental management and biodiversity protection.
  • Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies (e.g., IoT, big data, 5G, blockchain) are highlighted as enablers for the nature-positive transition.

Conclusion

To build a nature-positive future for China, businesses must shift from a quarterly profit-driven model to a sustainable development path that respects biodiversity and natural capital. The report calls for a collective effort to align China's economic development with global sustainability goals, ensuring long-term prosperity for both people and the planet.

Key Recommendations

1. Promote Global Consensus: Deepen China's engagement in global biodiversity governance and encourage collaboration between developed and developing nations.
2. Drive Policy and Regulation: Integrate nature-based solutions into climate policies and promote transparent and accountable reporting of nature-related financial risks.
3. Leverage Technology and Innovation: Utilize Fourth Industrial Revolution technologies to enhance sustainable production and consumption.
4. Strengthen Domestic and International Partnerships: Ensure multi-stakeholder collaboration in achieving the nature-positive transition and global environmental goals.

This report serves as a roadmap for Chinese businesses to align with the global movement towards sustainability, offering a vision of a green, low-carbon, circular economy that supports both economic growth and ecological resilience.