世界银行-喀麦隆经济更新，2024年6月：可持续林业的财政工具（英）-98页_2mb

Cameroon Economic Update Summary (2024)

Economic Overview

In 2023, Cameroon's economy slowed to 3.3% real GDP growth due to fiscal consolidation, domestic inflation, and ongoing conflicts. Global growth decelerated to 2.6% amid tighter monetary policies and reduced fiscal support in advanced economies. Sub-Saharan Africa's growth also slowed to 2.9%. Energy sector challenges, high inflation at 7.4%, and a widening external deficit were key macroeconomic issues. Fiscal consolidation reduced the deficit to 0.8% of GDP, though high fuel subsidies and debt service pressures persist.

Forestry Context

Cameroon's forests cover 35% of its land, supporting biodiversity and climate regulation. While the sector contributes 3.8% to GDP and 45,000 jobs, deforestation (0.6% annual rate) driven by illegal logging, agriculture, and weak governance threatens sustainability. Forest fiscal reform has lagged due to poor infrastructure and weak enforcement.

Fiscal Recommendations for Sustainable Forestry Management

• Tax Revenue Enhancement: Design climate-smart fiscal instruments to capture forest economic rents, including differentiated logging taxes based on sustainability.
• Incentivize Sustainable Practices: Introduce a "bonus-malus" system (higher taxes on non-certified logging, tax benefits for sustainable practices).
• Digital Monitoring: Implement digital services for real-time tracking of logging concessions to improve transparency.
• International Alignment: Align with EU regulations (e.g., deforestation-free products) and CEMAC's log export ban (2028) to boost regional processing.

Medium-Term Economic Outlook

GDP growth is projected at 4.0% in 2024 and 4.5% by 2027, supported by energy supply improvements and public investments. Inflation is expected to decrease gradually. Fiscal consolidation will continue, with the deficit targeting 1.0% of GDP.

Note: This summary prioritizes key insights from the comprehensive report.

Credits: Public Disclosure Authorized