2008-12-31-世界卫生组织-2009_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Malaysia_1页_102kb

Malaysia GYTS Summary (2009)

Core Content

The Malaysia Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) is a school-based survey conducted in 2009 that gathered data on the prevalence of cigarette and other tobacco use among students in Forms 1, 2, and 3 (ages 13-15). It also assessed knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to tobacco use, focusing on five key determinants: access/availability and price, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), cessation, media and advertising, and school curriculum. The survey aimed to provide insights that could inform a comprehensive tobacco control program in Malaysia.

Survey Methodology

• Sampling Design: A two-stage cluster sample was used.
  • Stage 1: Schools were selected with probability proportional to their enrollment size.
  • Stage 2: Classes were randomly selected, and all students in these classes were eligible to participate.
• Response Rates:
  • School response rate: 98.0%
  • Class response rate: 100.0%
  • Student response rate: 93.1%
  • Overall response rate: 91.3%
• Total Participants: 3,021 students aged 13-15.

Key Findings

Prevalence of Tobacco Use

• Ever smoked cigarettes: 30.0% (46.7% boys, 12.4% girls)
• Current tobacco use: 22.6% (35.1% boys, 9.4% girls)
• Current cigarette smoking: 18.2% (30.9% boys, 5.3% girls)
• Current use of other tobacco products: 9.5% (13.0% boys, 5.7% girls)
• Likely to initiate smoking next year: 10.7% of never smokers

Knowledge and Attitudes

• Perception of smoking attractiveness:
  • 22.0% think boys who smoke have more friends
  • 11.7% think boys who smoke look more attractive
  • 8.0% think girls who smoke have more friends
  • 4.4% think girls who smoke look more attractive

Access and Availability

• Smoking at home: 14.1%
• Purchase of cigarettes: 53.4% buy in stores
• Age restrictions: 53.2% of those who bought cigarettes in stores were not refused purchase due to age

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS)

• Living in homes with SHS: 48.7%
• Exposure outside the home: 64.1%
• Perception of SHS harm:
  • 67.9% think smoke from others is harmful to them
  • 84.5% think smoking should be banned in public places
• Family smoking habits:
  • 47.6% have one or more parents who smoke
  • 8.4% have most or all friends who smoke

Cessation

• Desire to quit: 79.8% of current smokers want to stop
• Attempts to quit: 82.9% tried to stop in the past year
• Received help to quit: 79.4% have ever received assistance

Media and Advertising

• Anti-smoking media exposure: 89.3% saw anti-smoking messages in the past 30 days
• Tobacco brand logos: 9.2% have an object with a cigarette brand logo
• Free cigarette offers: 5.0% were offered free cigarettes by tobacco company representatives

School Curriculum

• Smoking dangers taught: 78.7% had been taught about the dangers of smoking
• Reasons for smoking discussed: 47.6% had class discussions on why people their age smoke
• Effects of tobacco use taught: 72.9% had been taught about the effects of tobacco use

Main Highlights

• High prevalence: Nearly one-quarter (22.6%) of students currently use any tobacco product, and almost 1 in 5 (18.2%) currently smoke cigarettes.
• SHS exposure: Almost half (48.7%) of students live in homes with SHS, and over 64% are exposed to smoke outside the home.
• Public opinion: Nearly 85% (84.5%) believe smoking should be banned in public places, and 67.9% think SHS is harmful to them.
• Smoking cessation: Over 79% of current smokers want to stop, and 82.9% have attempted to quit in the past year.
• Media influence: Over 89% of students were exposed to anti-smoking messages in the past 30 days.
• School-based education: Most students (78.7%) were taught about the dangers of smoking, and 72.9% were informed about the effects of tobacco use.

Key Information

The Malaysia GYTS provides critical data on youth tobacco use and related factors, highlighting the need for targeted interventions in areas such as reducing access to tobacco, limiting SHS exposure, and promoting cessation support. It also underscores the importance of school-based education and anti-smoking media campaigns in shaping youth attitudes and behaviors.