2014-12-31-世界卫生组织-2015-16_STEPS_Fact_sheet_Brunei_Darussalam_2页_131kb

Brunei STEPS Survey 2015/16

Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors Summary

The survey assessed risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in Brunei Darussalam using WHO STEPS methodology, covering 3808 adults aged 18-69 years from August 2015 to April 2016.

• Survey Design: Three steps involving socio-demographic and behavioral data (Step 1), physical measurements (Step 2), and biochemical indicators (Step 3). No additional results are included.

Key Findings

• Step 1: Behavioral Risk Factors

  • Tobacco Use: High smoking prevalence among males (36.3%), average start age ~17 years, with nearly all daily smokers using manufactured cigarettes and averaging ~9 cigarettes per day. Females had low rates.
  • Alcohol Consumption: Majority were lifetime abstainers; few engaged in drinking, with males showing higher light drinking and episodic consumption.
  • Diet: Fruits and vegetables consumed infrequently (mean 3.2 days/week for fruit, 91-92% below 5 servings/day), salt addition common (21-22%), and high consumption of processed salty foods.
  • Physical Activity: 25-33% of adults had insufficient activity (<150 minutes moderate-intensity per week, or equivalent). Females showed the lowest activity levels.
  • Cervical Cancer Screening: Among women aged 30-49, only 67.6% had ever been screened.

• Step 2: Physical Measurements

  • BMI: 62.8% were overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m²), and 28.2% were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m²). BMIs varied slightly by gender.
  • Waist Circumference: Average 88.9 cm, with variations.
  • Blood Pressure: 28-30% had elevated BP or were on treatment; 50-68% not on treatment if elevated.

• Step 3: Biochemical Measurements

  • Blood Glucose: 9.7-10.3% had elevated fasting glucose levels; 2.1% had impaired fasting glycaemia.
  • Cholesterol: 51-52% had elevated levels or were on treatment.
  • Sodium Intake: Average ~10 grams per day, with males higher consumption.
  • Cardiovascular Disease Risk: 8.9-10.3% (by gender) had ≥30% 10-year CVD risk or existing CVD.

• Combined Risk Factors: 25-29% of young adults (18-44 years), 58-62% of middle-aged adults (45-69 years), and 35-38% overall had three or more key risk factors (smoking, ≥5 servings fruits/veg, physical activity, or elevated BP). Conversely, only ~1-3% had none.

Overall: The survey indicates a substantial burden of NCD risk factors in Brunei, highlighting priorities for tobacco control, dietary improvement, physical activity promotion, and blood pressure management.