联合国贸易发展委员会-全球合作促进包容性和公平的人工智能（英）-2025.6_8页_1mb

UNCTAD Policy Brief Summary: Global Collaboration for Inclusive and Equitable Artificial Intelligence

The UNCTAD policy brief on Artificial Intelligence (AI) addresses the need for global collaboration to ensure inclusive and equitable AI development. Recent advances in AI are dominated by multinational technology giants, such as Apple, Nvidia, and Microsoft, which control vast market capitalization and drive innovation. This dominance, often leading to a winner-takes-all market, poses risks by diverting focus from public interests, potentially neglecting ethical issues, human impacts, and environmental concerns like high energy consumption.

Current international AI governance is fragmented, with initiatives largely led by Group of 7 countries, leaving 118 countries, particularly those in the Global South, underrepresented. This imbalance threatens the legitimacy and effectiveness of global AI governance, limiting the involvement of developing countries that have significant stakes in AI's future. The brief highlights that AI can be a global public good but requires policies to steer it toward sustainable development.

Key recommendations include establishing an AI public disclosure mechanism inspired by ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) reporting. This would enhance accountability by requiring impact assessments across the AI lifecycle, covering aspects like environmental effects and ethical risks, transitioning from voluntary to mandatory reporting with enforcement measures for transparency and fairness.

Another critical need is international cooperation on three key drivers of AI transformation: digital infrastructure, data, and skills. This includes developing shared digital public infrastructures, promoting open innovation like open data and source, and building capacity through initiatives like a UN-backed center and network. Such collaboration can prevent fragmentation, address challenges in developing countries, and mitigate risks of increased inequalities.

UN actions, such as resolutions on AI for sustainable development and commitments in the Pact for the Future, emphasize a multi-stakeholder approach to align AI development with global goals. The brief urges stronger global governance to ensure AI benefits all, fosters innovation, and supports equitable access through coordinated efforts.